9, while Hamiltons men were assigned No. Sick at F 1-11. Volunteers.It was taken while they were prisoners after the Sick at F $249.99 Add to Favorites . John Atlhause Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Aaron Burr. Portions of these and perhaps other companies, serving under Captain Coleman, reported to General Knox when he arrived in Williamsburg in September. [17] Report of the stores expended in the Grand Battery Octo 15 1781 under the command of Capt. [5], Washington had ordered Maj. Gen.Marquis de Lafayette to take 1,200 Continentals from the army in New York to Virginia in February 1781 to oppose British forces then threatening that state, instructing Lafayette to confer with General Knox concerning needed artillery support. "Oh God, it is all over!" Every two days each pair of officers switched assignments between the batteries and the park. On that date less than one thousand American and French artillerymen began bombarding the British lines, initiating an eight-day assault that directly resulted in the British surrender and which had the eventual consequence of American independence. 19, 1781 Both sides were desperately seeking a definitive victory. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Colonial National Historical Park - Yorktown Battlefield P.O. [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. On a moonless night, after firing incessant artillery to weaken British defenses, American and French forces prepare a surprise assault on redoubts #9 and #10. Gershom Mott was in hospital at Albany and Capt. Uploaded by [6], Washington next ordered Brig. Thanks! The 3rd Regiment had been raised primarily in Massachusetts. 10. Washington ordered the construction of large camps with huge brick bread ovens where Clinton could see them to create the illusion that the Continental Army was preparing for a long stay. [7], The original commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment, Col. Thomas Proctor, had resigned in April so Knox appointed as his replacement the 1st Regiments Lieutenant Colonel Carrington, then serving as Deputy Quartermaster General for Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army. [16], Although Knoxs gunners were primarily engaged managing siege weapons, they had also brought field artillery to Yorktown. Further reflections on the Battle of Brandywine. The other five captains were present during the siege. Oct . Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. The superb work of the French gunners at Yorktown deserves an account of its own. Private John Nicols We strive for accuracy and fairness. While he awaits supplies and much-needed reinforcements from the Royal Navy, the Continental Army seizes an opportunity. [19] Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01228, 01229 and 01232, and Invoice of stores on the lines October 19th 1781, GLC02437.01242, GLI; Howard H. Peckham, The Toll of Independence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 92. 19, 1781 Yorktown Virtual Tour. The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers, Infantry regiments, which had been known by numbers (for example, 28th Foot), were to become known by a title, usually a county, Regiments from the 26th Foot onwards were paired together to form new regiments (for example, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the Gloucester Regiment), Each new regiment was to have two battalions, as the first 25 Foot regiments already did, The lower number became the 1st battalion and the higher number became the 2nd battalion (thus, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the 1st and 2nd Battalions respectively of the Gloucester Regiment), All infantry regiments were placed into numbered regimental districts. Private This Site All NPS Download the official NPS app before your next visit. Discovery is a catalogue of archival records across the UK and beyond, from which you can search 32 million records. Lieut. Colonial National Historical Park preserves the Yorktown Battlefield, one of the most pivotal Revolutionary War battlefields and a must-see for any Revolutionary War enthusiast. research. Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (1906), Vol. October 11. The Battle of Yorktown marks the collapse of the British war efforts. Regimental musters, from the early 18th century onwards, were taken every month or quarter (frequency varied over the years) for pay and accounting purposes. Watch our webinar on Army musters more than just accounts which tells you what you can discover in the records. Do not sell or share my personal information, Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, Manuscript register of the series (roll 1), Individual states (Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and Virginia) includes records for Continental Army units raised in the state; state militia and volunteer units, Continental Troops - includes records for Continental Congress specialized units; Continental Congress infantry regiments organized from resolutions of 1776; Continental Army units raised in multiple states, Miscellaneous includes records for units larger than a regiment; special returns not easily classified into another category, Returns of the French Army under Count Rochambeau, Arranged by organization, then chronologically, Arranged by department, then chronologically. Knox assigned Lafayette one company each from the 2nd and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments under Capt. Donald McNeal Oneida Indians move to Fort Schuyler for protection. The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. [14] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-17, 1781. You may want to start by searching for a person's Military Service Records and Pension and Bounty Land records. [12], Most of the artillery had been hauled from Trebells Landing across the peninsula six miles to the artillery park by October 6 allowing Knoxs men to concentrate on completing the batteries and moving guns and mortars into them. We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! Lists numbers of prisoners taken 19 October 1781 in the British surrender of Yorktown (excluding marine prisoners). October 19. Cornwallis stated after the siege that all our guns on the left were silenced, our works much damaged, and our loss of men considerable. Following the siege French gunners praised their American counterparts, as did Lt. Gen. Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau and his generals. In 1777, a delegation headed by Benjamin Franklin arrived at the court of Louis XVI to negotiate an alliance between the United States and France. I've attached Muster Roll of John Althause's Company of New 1st New York and militia unable to prevent Johnson's retreat to Canada. Now, there was revenge - the Patriot rallying cry Tarleton's Quarter 37. British redoubts #9 and #10 prevent the second parallel from extending to the river and the British are still able to reinforce the garrisons inside the redoubts. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! It is all over. On March 5, 1782, Parliament passes a bill authorizing the government to make peace with America. Present $159.99 Add to Favorites . . They have to be taken by force. Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers Cornwalliss position is untenable as the Franco-American alliance has artillery on three of his sides, with additional new pieces positioned in redoubts #9 and #10 after their fall. Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. General George Washington and his Continental Army had a decision to make in the spring of 1781. Try an Ancestry.com Free Trial After nightfall on October 14, the allies fired several consecutive shells in the air that brilliantly illuminated the sky, Chernow writes. Reports of numbers of artillery pieces in batteries added after that date are inconsistent. The British, in hostile territory, held only a few coastal areas in America. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. . Linda's Note: Presumably the detachment from the 3rd Continental Artillery Regiment returned to their base in the New York Highlands. These show a total of 235 officers and men which, with the addition of regimental staff, is consistent with the total of 242 in the October 1, 1781 return. See Mercenaries for the Crimea by C C Bayley (London, 1977). To speed up the siege of the two redoubtsFrench troops were to take redoubt No. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle because of the presence of Germans in all three armies, began September 28, 1781 and ended on October 19, 1781, in Yorktown, Virginia. By virtue of its size among the artillery units at Yorktown the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment became the core American artillery unit there. 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. Corp'l From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster rolls were no longer kept by the War Office either. It was obvious that the Americans needed a big victory if they were to convince the peace conference in Europe that they had a right to demand independence for all thirteen colonies, writes Thomas Fleming in his book,Yorktown. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, Sept.-Oct., 1781. The first entry for a recruit in a muster book usually gives his age, place of enlistment and trade. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America. 1. As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. Stevens, GLC02437.01228, GLI. They surprised the British in a siege that turned the tide toward an American victory in the War for Independence. Sick at F Assuming he brought forty-five artillery pieces as planned, he would have needed approximately eight hundred men to provide crews for all pieces for alternating days on duty. The Battle of Yorktown proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution. Sick at F How it ended American victory. After a series of October battles, Burgoyne found himself surrounded by Gates' men and surrendered on October 17. Their attempts prove futile. Oct . These documents include muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other miscellaneous personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, 1775-83. . 19, 1781 The first entry for a recruit in a muster book usually gives his age, place of enlistment and trade. [15] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-16, 1781; William Stevens, A System for the Discipline of the Artillery of the United States of America, or, the Young Artillerists Pocket Companion (New York: William A. Davis, 1797), 195. Join us online July 24-26! When news of Cornwalliss surrender reaches London on November 25, the Prime Minister, Lord North, declares, Oh God. The defenders were a motley collection of colonists, from various New England colonies. These details were comprised of members of all four artillery regiments and the three auxiliary units, with the artillerymen providing approximately half of each detail. During the attack on Redoubts 9 and 10 on the evening of October 14, the 2nd Artillerys Capt. [18] Tilden, Extracts from the Journal of Lieutenant John Bell Tilden, 61; Minutes of Occurrences respecting the Seige (sic) and Capture of York in Virginia, extracted from the Journal of Colonel Jonathan Trumbull, Secretary to the General, 1781, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society 14 (1875-76): 336; Henry Lee, Memoirs of the War in the Southern Department of the United States (Washington: Peter Force, 1827), 360, 365; Benjamin Franklin Stevens, ed., The Campaign in Virginia 1781: An Exact Reprint of Six Rare Pamphlets on the Clinton-Cornwallis Controversy (London, 1888), II:205; Howard C. Rice, Jr., and Anne S.K. The calculation mentioned in the text does not account for men required as guards or laboratory workers, but is overly conservative in assuming that Knox would deploy throughout the siege all of the artillery he transported to Yorktown. 10 siege would be led by Colonel Alexander Hamilton. 19, 1781 Washington lauded the judicious and spirited management of [the artillery] in the parallels and Knox published his individual and collective thanks. Muster Rolls, 1860-1939. An index to the names of individuals contained in these records was created by Direct Data Capture. 19, 1781 Search New Jersey Revolutionary War Rolls, . [15], Daily details for the batteries totaled between 120 and 200 officers and men during the first five days of the siege, reflecting the fact that the Americans probably had a maximum of twenty pieces of ordnance mounted during that period. Various Naval Actions, 1776-1782. . [21] Knoxs Brigade Orders, The Magazine of American History 6: 51. After six years of war, both the British and Continental armies were exhausted. 4, (Autumn The password for the operation is Rochambeau, which the Americans translate as Rush on boys! The assault commences with a diversionary attack on a redoubt further to the north of Yorktown at 6:30 p.m., giving the appearance that the town itself was to be stormed. 19, 1781 Oct . Private Information of genealogical interest includes the application itself, which can provide the soldiers name, rank, unit, time of service, age, date of birth, residence, and sometimes birthplace. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. Thomas Pattens small company of artificers that supported the artillerymen. All rights reserved Thomas Lynch Montgomery, ed., Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Company, 1906), 3:1021, records that among the wounded artillerymen was Henry Love of Pennsylvania who lost a leg during the siege. Sick at F It is important to view the image of the original record as additional information about the individual will likely be listed. On June 17, 1775, as British redcoats marched up the heights of Bunker Hill outside of Boston, Massachusetts, they were met with a hail of musketry from the defenders of the earthen redoubt. How to search for musters and pay lists c.1730-1878, 4. This small diverse group performed brilliantly, winning the respect of their French counterparts. Oct . To identify state and military unit of interest . Available now on Amazon.com and Amazon.ca, Submitter: Linda Harper They could strike a decisive blow to the British in New York City or aim for the south, in Yorktown, Virginia, where Gen. Charles Lord Cornwalliss troops were garrisoned. The Royal Navy, attempting to sail up the Bay to Cornwallis, is met by French warships at the mouth of the Chesapeake. The 10-Miler is both a Peninsula Track Club Grand Prix Event and Hampton Roads Super Grand Prix Event. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. When they found the French fleet was instead sailing to the Chesapeake Bay, Washington concocted a new plan. Stivors Voluntary military service is contractual, so it's a type of indentured servitude. By mid-September 1781, Washington and Rochambeau arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia, 13 miles from the tobacco port of Yorktown, where Cornwalliss men had built a defense of 10 small forts (a.k.a. 19, 1781 present Sergt. died Oct. 29, 1781 6 1782 Blindfolded and brought inside American lines, the British officer secures terms of surrender for the British Army. Search the history of over 806 billion Carrington accepted on August 7 and had arrived in Virginia by September 21. Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Dec. 6, 1781 By October 17 most of the British artillery facing the allied forces had been silenced and Cornwallis had taken nearly 500 casualties. On receiving word that the French fleet will be available for a siege south of New Jersey,Washington and Rochambeau move their force of almost 8,000 men south to Virginia, planning to join and lead about 12,000 other militia, French troops, and Continental troops in a siege of Yorktown. To more easily find your ancestor in this collection, you'll need to know the state and military unit. Samuel Eddins Company of the 1st Regiment was detached to Yorktown in February 1781 to protect prizes anchored in York River, and Capt. July 3, 1780: Oneidas attacked by Indians and Tories. URL: http://olivetreegenealogy.com/ Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). John Cadwalader. Private From 1878 to 1898, all muster rolls and pay lists are in WO 16. 09:00 to 17:00. on the Internet. Sick at F The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! John Cochran. Surrender of Conwallis. Wayne left York, Pennsylvania in late May and joined Lafayette in central Virginia on June 11. Ludwig For nearly a week the artillery barrage is ceaseless, shattering whatever nerve the British have remaining and punching holes in British defenses. Picking up additional ordnance in Philadelphia, the regiment continued via the Delaware River and Christiana Creek to Christiana Bridge, overland to Head of Elk, and down the Chesapeake Bay to the James River. Washingtons fame grew to international proportions having wrested such an impossible victory, according to the Washington Library, interrupting his much desired Mount Vernon retirement with greater calls to public service., READ MORE:Explore George Washington's life in our interactive timeline. However, the daily reports of ammunition expended do not suggest a dramatic increase in the number of artillery pieces in service throughout the siege. Debeck Every purchase supports the mission. Oct . Therefore, not all individuals who served in the Revolutionary War will be found in this database. For more information on soldiers records from this period see our guide to British Army soldiers up to 1913. 19, 1781 In 1776 the available militia in Virginia is thought to have been about 45,000 men; Those of the Italian Legion no longer survive. New Yorker Assortment, 1 Box. Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. Private William Stevens provided support to the infantry by advancing six 3-pounders, though the attackers were successful without that support. The Allied armies marched hundreds of miles from their headquarters north of New York City to Yorktown, making theirs the largest troop movement of the American Revolution. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), The Siege of Yorktown, October 17, 1781 , as painted in 1836. He asked for a cease fire that day leading to his surrender two days later. September 28. [18], Daily reports by the field officer of the batteries were required to mention casualties as well as ammunition consumed. Information available in the index includes: Use this information to then find the corresponding image of the record on which the soldier appears. After a grueling march, the American and French forces arrive near Yorktown and immediately begin the hard work of laying siege to Cornwallis and his men. If you are working backwards through the musters, you may need to find the previous regimental number of a 2nd battalion. Feverishly working night and day, soldiers of the combined forces employ spades and axes to create a perimeter line of trenches that will trap the British. William McKennan, and 160 Virginia Militiamen under Major Wood Jones. This time, France obliged requests for assistance by sending over some of its elite troops to help Washingtons patriots. The number of unexploded shells out of the 2,178 fired by American gunners is unknown so any such problem cannot be quantified. Yorktown was attacked twice at Midway. Oct . They provide a soldiers: From about 1868 musters may also include Marriage Rolls giving details of children and wives occupying married quarters.
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battle of yorktown muster rolls