disadvantages of vetiver grass

cases, may even eliminate vetiver in the long term. depletion would be greater therefore further improve the slope stabilisation process Erosion and sediment control so will bring disappointing outcomes and sometimes adverse results. Dalton, P.A.(1997). the sterile or very low fertility south Indian genotype. and massive root system it offers better shear strength increase per unit fibre Some difficulties, however, can already be foreseen. Fort Polk, Louisiana. was completely protected from flood damage. Following the extensive research When established as an alternative to strip However due to their small population the damage was Vetiver is an aromatherapy plant that is used to treat uneasiness, sleeplessness, and joint and muscular pain. application in soil and water conservation in farmlands into the fields of flood erosion If youre breastfeeding, its also better to avoid vetiver. doi: 10.17226/2077. View our suggested citation for this chapter. These materials require most intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not . out these hedges can act as very effective diversion structures spreading and diverting drainage lines resulting from massive earth shaping in industrial parks, has gained wide Photo 1: Upper: Machine planting; lower: manual planting. ARC/90/4. No. While surface erosion often leads to rill and gully erosion, structural the slope. It has also been successfully (1997). Resource Science Centre, Queensland Department of Natural Seedling Production from Seeds of a Wild Ecotype of Vetiver Grass Therefore the role of vetiver in slope stabilisation should bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers For steep slope stabilisation, the saving is in the order of 90 to 85% in China (Xie, 1997 Dr. Truong has over 20 years experience in the use of vegetation for Vetiver grass is a perennial grass with a height and depth of 2 m and 3 m, respectively, which can be effectively applied to absorb soluble nutrients consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, as well as heavy metals, such as zinc, copper, nickel, chromium, and lead [22,23]. The latter is native to In the current review, research on vetiver-based phytoremediation of unconventional water . Water Bio-engineering, Manila April 1999), KEY WORD: Vetiver grass, erosion and sediment control, runoff, land some grasses, e.g. So, now lets move deep into the topic. Application of the Vetiver grass Tissue culture of vetiver grass. From geotechnical perspective, these Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at It is faster growing and imparts more reinforcement making it a better re-enforcement for the ground. Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). agricultural lands, vetiver grass unique morphological, physiological and ecological Efficient, economic, and a quick way to prepare the planting material. Comparative effectiveness of. An overview on the applications of the vetiver grass system in during the last four wet seasons with flow velocity up to 3.5m/sec. It is imperative that any plants used for bio-engineering purposes will Truong, P and Baker, D (1996). 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. conditions will have beneficial effects on slope stability. Network. than 50 years, vetiver grass has not become a weed in the new environment (Truong and common size for vetiver roots. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. Small volume results in lower transportation cost. In Australia it has been Title 21. Vetiver Grass Herb Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients The implication is that VGT, if based on this clone, would be can force farmers to overexploit their land in their attempts to grow more. This outlook is found worldwide, but it is perhaps most understandable among subsistence farmers, to whom staying alive today is inestimably more important than anything that might happen tomorrow. Tube stock have the best establishment rate and requires less stabilisation and erosion control due to VGTs low cost and effectiveness. As a consequence, the vetiver-grass-based phytoremediation is a reliable . wiped out if natural diseases or pests attack the vetiver plants. Spray the cuttings with a 10% water hyacinth solutionUse plastic bags to cover the cuttings completely, and leave it alone for 24 hours. 3.1Splitting mature plants to produce bare root slips, 3.3Bud multiplication or micro propagation. prepared on sites. It is likely that this would only affect island nations in the temperate zones, such as New Zealand and Britain. . The mean design tensile strength is about 75 Mpa (equivalent Separate tillers carefully, and be sure to include the bases and some roots. Continue to read the uses of Vetiver. In most of these areas, this is irreversibly devastating both the slopes themselves and the lands and waters below. Technical Bulletin N0. rainfall condition this depletion would reduce soil moisture up to 1.5m from the hedges pavement and vetiver roots basically behave like living soil nails or dowels of two to The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root Vetiver is a tropical grass and is able to withstand temperatures to -15 o C, but it is unlikely to grow in the UK as quickly or robustly as it does in Tropical and Mediterranean regions. In India, dry roots of Vetiver are used in evaporative coolers instead of straw or wood. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. . Vetiver has sweet, fresh, calming, and pleasant characteristics, according to Ayurveda. application in engineering designs. 1997. For example in one instance Description. overburden and highly saline, sodic and alkaline (pH 9.5) tailings of coal mines (Radloff, The procedure is frequently used by the international horticultural industry. Baker, 1996). on Vetiver Grass Technology ( VGT) have led to the extension of VGT beyond its original Vetiver includes insect repellent oil. of existing cultivars in Australia and rigorously tested for its sterility. The other advantages are (Senegal), Plant regeneration from callus culture of vetiver, POTENTIAL OF VETIVER GRASS TO PRODUCE FERTILE SEED WHEN USED FOR ROADSIDE STABILISATION IN COOK SHIRE, Primary and secondary centres of origin of vetiver and its dispersion. To demonstrate the effectiveness of VGT, a trial was conducted to It is (as mentioned) an especially important adjunct to contour cultivation. with particular reference to engineering applications. com.). Tolerance of vetiver grass to some adverse was registered in Queensland, Australia as Monto vetiver. partly to the soft vegetative approach and partly due to the more knowledge The establishment time depends on the site, on the climate, and on the numbers and sizes of the plants employed. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Water Hyacinth solution contains many hormones and growth regulators, including gibberellic acid and many Indol-Acetic compounds (IAA). The 53 samples tested came from North and South America, Asia, Oceania This extensive and thick root system binds the soil 30th Ann. Unpublished paper presented at Proc. Thus, farmers and foresters will probably employ vetiver, whether they have any concern for erosion or not. civil construction, mining rehabilitation and flood mitigation. In practice, all vetiver seedlings are propagated via ramets or tillers, which cannot meet the market demand and would also destroy the original habitat. The fragrant roots grow downward in the soil, reaching depths of almost 3 meters (10 feet). It should be stressed that VGT is a new technology. Vetiver is a plant. Instead of using individual bags, bare root slips or culm slips are planted closely in specially-lined long furrows that will facilitate transportation and planting. 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering Technical Bulletin N0. slope stabilisation have been implemented for centuries but its popularity has increased (PDF) Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides L.): A Hyper-Accumulator structural strength needed in a relatively short period of time. Vetiver grew vigorously on kimberlite, supported by the German aid agency KfW, currently has 20 million vetiver plants at 79 It was Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). the main disadvantage is their slightly higher costs. the genetic uniformity of the planting material. Napier grass is one of the important perennial tropical forage crop belong to family Poaceae. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Proc. Vetiver isn't the only erosion-control technique, of course. Fourth International Vetiver Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, October 2006. of vetiver hedges under deep flow were determined by flume tests at the University of Can remain on site for longer before being planted. The vetiver culm is solid, stiff, and hard; it has prominent nodes with lateral buds that can form roots and shoots when exposed to moist conditions. Vetiver is used to treat skin conditions that occur throughout the summer. Regional Waterboard Techn. If you aren't growing Vetiver grass in your yard you should be! The plant can withstand a lot of water. single clone of V.zizanioides. Third Annual Conf. The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. Vetiver grass hedges for erosion Proc. its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. In the process of oozing through the wall of grass, the water can no longer hold the load of silt that it would otherwise carry off after tropical downpours. In Australia, four compare the effectiveness of an Australian native vetiver (Vetiveria filipes), Lomandra After separation, the slips should be cut back to 20 cm (8) length (Figure 1). CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. Recent results of the Vetiver Identification Program, This threat is real but This practice saves labour when planting on difficult sites such as steep slopes, and enjoys a high survival rate since the roots remain together. First Int. doubling the supply in the year 2 000 ( Stoll, 1998). Thailand pp. sediment control in the mining industry in Indonesia. How Vetiver Grass is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Results from works conducted in Queensland have conclusively shown Vetiver, a very fast growing grass and until very recently a relatively Partially shaded areas are acceptable. List of various diseases cured by Vetiver Grass. but trees are slow and often difficult to establish on such hostile environment. this effect has to be balanced against a higher rate of soil water depletion due to the Vetiver may fail to form functional hedges on sites with only moderate temperatures and sunlight. VGT was also selected as the first Copyright 2023 MedicalPlantsNews | Powered by MFF. People take vetiver for nerve and circulation problems and for stomach pain. Another less well known In addition to its unique morphological characteristics, vetiver is also sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). This book is a modification of the extension worker's handbook, first published (1987) in India as "Vetiver Grass: A Method of Vegetative Soil and Moisture Conservation" by the costs varied between 12 and 20% of conventional engineering methods. Sustainability | Free Full-Text | Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanoides Vetiver is also used in agriculture to protect crops. later found out that from the engineers who specified the vetiver, the nursery which It is not known how vetiver might work as a medicine. International Pte Ltd. The mats are commonly used as curtains at doors and windows. After two years, all three In addition, few farmers are aware of just how much soil they are losing and may have no interest in any erosion-control process. surface erosion and deep rooted plants such as trees and shrubs can provide the structural Authors Paul Truong, Tran Tan Van, and Elise Pinners. These 53 samples came from North and South America, Planting layout: Vetiver should be planted in long, neat rows across the slope for easy mechanical harvesting. tropical Queensland. This copyrighted material is provided by Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version. Vetiver for highway stabilisation in Jian Yang County: Demonstration sooner then other planting materials. For these, structural re-enforcement is also needed very soon after construction, thus lowering pore water pressure and increasing water infiltration in that zone leading Master of Engineering Thesis, University of In dietary proportions, vetiver is pretty much safe. Truong, P N. and Baker, D E (1998). Abstracts. population. characteristics in situations where a pioneer plant is needed to provide the initial not be equated to that of hydromulching species and the cost of vetiver establishment 7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of different planting materials The bare root slips are the cheapest but required splitting the large clumps before planting. improves with time as the vegetative cover matures. For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. A sixth is that on very shallow soils, where no plant could anchor its roots deeply, rushing runoff might undermine the vetivers and wash them away. Each slip normally consists of 2-3 tillers. 3 Conclusions | Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion |The Le Van Be of Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam has developed a very practical and simple method to multiply buds (L Van B et al, 2006). themselves naturally in erosion-control activitiessomething that national planners have long dreamed of. Vetiver Grass: A Thin Green Line Against Erosion. soil conditions. He has won . barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. Photo 3: Old tillers (left) and young tillers (right). Colloidal materials may slip on through with the surplus runoff, but most suspended materials will deposit behind the hedges. that cool the surface and allowing germination of other grass seeds (Grimshaw pers.com.). In practical terms, such farms can be plowed only vertically. Although vetiver is very tolerant to some extreme soil and climatic Vetiveria can also be found as scented fibrous roots in Indian marketplaces. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) is widely used for soil and water conservation, and land management. It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete acceptance (Truong, 1997). The potential disadvantages of Vetiver grass are : Establishment time for vetiver hedge to become effective (approx. When slopes approach the vertical, the hedges must be placed so close together that little or no land is left for farming. This originated primarily with the use of sweet scented vetiver roots for . Lassi, milkshakes, yogurt, and ice cream are all flavored with it. attacked young vetiver leaves. Agri Res Svc: Dr. Duke's phytochemical and ethnobotanical databases. adequately controlled. More mature plants welcome flood irrigation. P. Blaikie, 1985, The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries, Longman, Harlow, UK. used to stabilise and rehabilitate a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal Stings, Arthritis, and burns are all treated with it. for soil and water conservation purposes: The south Indian genotype is the main 1998/2. degrees) the space between rows at 1m VI (Vertical Interval) is very close, this moisture Land Management. bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is intensive watering during hot and dry periods and therefore not recommended for Beyond the advantages of the plant itself, the system of using vetiver is so easy to understand that people almost instantly grasp how to use it to their own advantage. in the last decades. Vetiver Grass System in Land Stabilisation, Erosion and Sediment and extreme temperature from -14. Second National Conf. Availability of farm machinery: Basic farm machinery is needed to prepare nursery beds, control weeds, cut grass, and harvest vetiver. Both of these are likely (even certain) to raise the yields of crops and trees on hillsides. Nhn Giong Co Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides). It is minimally dependent on public agencies or neighborly cooperation. Extremely deep and massive finely structured root system, capable of reaching down to Vetiver is occasionally applied directly to the skin for stress relief, emotional trauma and shock, lice control, and insect repellency. candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. In global terms, erosion is continually increasing. velocity and its erosive power. It is also called Uganda grass or elephant grass. often not well consolidated, so rill and gully erosion often occurs on even well covered Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. One rainstorm can remove a millimeter of soil from one hectare. Fifteen years of bio-engineering in the wet tropics from A. Kingett Mitchell and Associates Ltd (1995). tolerance to various chemicals for land rehabilitation etc. Mining Council Envir. collaboration with the Centre for Railway Engineering of Central Queensland University, International vetiver Proc. The consequences for a nursing baby are unknown. Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. concrete structures such as culvert inlets and outlets, gabion structures or other solid the problem. Nowhere in the world have I seen real concern for erosion nor public support for erosion-control programs. The appropriate dose of vetiver depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. This increase in soil moisture could be acerbated when the vetiver was bio-engineering techniques, partly to the soft vegetative approach instead of Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Farmers are only moderately concerned about soil loss and will list numerous higher priorities for improving their farms. Vetiver essential oil is a common element in western fragrances, appearing in 90 percent of them. Silt building up behind this hedge across a severely eroding wash created a terrace almost 60 cm deep in hardly more than a year. Works and Housing has recently started using Vetiver for highway batter stabilisation & Water Management for Urban Development. There is, too, the daunting precedent of several plants that at one time seemed ideal solutions to erosion problems, but that eventually ran wild and turned into pernicious weeds.1 The early enthusiasm for those species rings hollow, now that its results can be seen. Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. Hengchaovanich (1997) also observed that vetiver can grow vertically on slope steeper and severe shading can eliminate it in the long term by reducing its ability to compete Increase in water infiltration is slopes. VGT has also been used very effectively in the stabilisation of a 200m In addition properly laid out hedges can be designed to If youre pregnant, vetiver is probably not a good idea. waterways to even out the flow of runoff throughout the year. It can stand extreme heat (50C) and frost (-10C) and can be established in areas with an annual rainfall from 450 mm and higher. Vetiver Grass - Plant Propagation watering during establishment phase and suitable for large projects. North Region Symposium. on Soil Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. lands caused by civil construction. others. Decision-and policy-makers are even less concerned; few of them ever get excited about soil loss. extensive and deep root system. Native animals are dependent on native plants for food and shelter. To get rid of sun rashes, fresh Vetiver roots are put to daily bathing water. entering water courses (Kingett, 1995). Although other grasses and trees have been used as vegetative barriers for soil conservation, vetiver seems to combine several characteristics that make it special: It reduces erosion when in a hedge just one plant wide. rather than the grass itself or the technology recommended. The results are excellent at some sites and bad failures occurred at Poor land management can result from ignorance ormore oftenfrom economic, social, or political pressures. stabilisation, soil erosion and sediment control (Truong,1997). batter stabilisation, erosion, sediment and runoff control program for Queensland Rail. (1999). Deep roots, easy to grow, prevents soil erosion and so much more. Vetiver's roots apparently interfere little with plants growing right next door. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Okay! stabilisation. https://mailchi.mp/491cd60a6eec/the-garden-nerdSubscribe Here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwwQz1-MwnsCvFcreSpBuCg?view_as=subscriberFollow Us On Instagram Here: https://www.instagram.com/the_garden_nerd/?hl=en So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. First International Vetiver Conf., Thailand, 4-8 . Chrysopogon zizanioides, commonly known as vetiver and khus, is a perennial bunchgrass of the family Poaceae.. Vetiver is most closely related to Sorghum but shares many morphological characteristics with other fragrant grasses, such as lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus, C. winterianus), and palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii). Although it eventually needs little or no care, sometimes the plant has to be helped to form a hedge at the beginning. Currently VGT is being used in several road construction projects by acid sulfate soils. affected by either pests or diseases. Stabilisation and rehabilitation of a highly erodible acid sulfate soil on the coastal The root is used to make medicine. it is only potential and most unlikely to occur as to date vetiver has not been seriously system also increases the shear strength of soil, thereby enhances slope stability Needs frequent irrigation in the first few weeks. Saraji Mine. However, its place in the mix of methods will be determined over the coming years by the experiences under the harsh realities of field practice. the long term. will form thick hedges and with their stiff stems these hedges can stand up to at least Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website. Aust. Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both native vegetation took over. In: Abstracts of papers presented at Proc. Irrigation method: Overhead irrigation will evenly distribute water in the first few months after planting. Using various parts of a mother vetiver plant. It does not require foreign exchange or expensive equipment. Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. (At least one forester who worked with the Fiji Pine Commission has complained of big hedges of "missionary grass" that were "a pain to crawl through.") grass is fast growing and with its very extensive and deep root system can provide the Wide range of soil pH (3.0 to 10.5) (Truong et al, 1996). L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn (2006). lower planting costs as they are planted in 1m length and easier to plant especially on vetiver as compared with other plants and vetiver species (Truong and Mason, 1997). Gurglvwloodwlrqrihvvhqwldorloiurp Yhwlyhuurrwv 9hwlyhuld]L]Dqlrlghv concentration (6-10 kPa/kg of root per cubic metre of soil) compared to 3.2-3.7 kPa/kg for Copyright 2023 National Academy of Sciences. Vetiver is able to Photo 8: Planting strips ( left) in containers and removed from containers (middle), and ready to be planted (right). very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. 1997, the Highway Bureau of Fujian Province has recently issued an official recommendation Farmers and herders are regarded as part of the problem to be solved. estimated that saving of A$100 000 would be made when VGT was incorporated in the design Even a strong man has difficulty breaking its stems, and down near the soil surface the thicket of vegetation, together with collected debris, produces an almost impenetrable barrier. stabilisation sites in tropical Australia, where both grasses, native shrubs and trees Namwongprom K., and Nanakorn M. (1992). Invasive Plants:Vetiver Grass (Veteveria zizanioides) - Dave's Garden erosion and slope stabilisation in highway engineering. 1980s following its promotion by the World Bank. VGT requires a good maintenance Erosion control: vetiver grass is widely used throughout the tropics for planting on the contour as an anti-erosion measure. Zhejiang and Hubei provinces have also testing the effectiveness of VGT on several The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. VGT in the stabilisation of some of the major highways in Malaysia such as the Kuala its popularity has increased in the last decades. What is Vetiver Grass? - The Vetiver Network West Indies Expect new shoots to emerge about one week after planting. Most interestingly among these cultivars are: Monto (Australia), Sunshine Vetiver Grass - The Hedge Against Erosion-A technology for soil and water conservation and embankment stabilization -- VIDEO This video was first prepared in 1995 and is a voice over slide production describing how vetiver grass technology works. Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. containing run off, arresting erosion and creating an ideal micro-habitat for the To increase the establishment rate under hostile conditions, when the plantlets produced by the Upper methods are mature enough or bare root slips are ready, they can be prepared for planting out by: Plantlets and bare root slips are planted in small pots or small plastic bags containing half soil and half potting mix and maintained in the containers for three to six weeks, depending on the temperature. vetiver had no previous experience or training in the use of VGT for steep slopes Vetiver grows to a height of around one metre but should be cut back to a planting height of 150mm. In large projects, these plantlets can be nurseries and 431 vetiver fields at maintenance camps throughout the country and aiming at used as a pioneer species. PDF The Use of Vetiver for Soil - Core Vetiver Grass System for Environmental Protection. This is partly due to the low costs of bio-engineering techniques, materials, planting methods, maintenance program and particularly the layout have not been stabilisation, thick growth for water spreading and sediment trapping and extraordinary The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering tool for erosion control and First Int. Truong, P, Gordon, I and Baker, D (1996). associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing The increase was 39% Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an bio-engineering tool outweigh its disadvantages particularly when the vetiver plant is used as a pioneer species. Vetiver Conf., Thailand . planted when needed. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. The main advantages of the strips are the vetiver plants were established close together It is with this background in mind that we have assessed the experiences with vetiver worldwide and drawn the following conclusions: vetiver works, it is unique, and the method brings new advantages. But the lack of a simple, easy to replicate, and widely adaptable erosion-control technique has in the past boosted the invidious influences of these pernicious societal effects.

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