positive and negative effects of social globalization

Some observers argue that a rudimentary version of world culture is taking shape among certain individuals who share similar values, aspirations, or lifestyles. The impact of economic, social, and political globalization and democracy on life expectancy in low-income countries: are sustainable development goals contradictory?. The impact of economic, social and political globalization indexes is 0.013%, 0.011%, and 0.015% according to CUP-FM estimation results while 0.014%, 0.012%, and 0.017% according to both estimators, respectively. In democracies, governments have an obligation to account to citizens for what purposes the resources were used. Google Scholar. Those countries are Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, The Gambia, Haiti, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, and Togo. Finally, gdp is real GDP per capita (constant 2010 $) and it is provided from World Bank World Development Indicators. Therefore, the positive impact of globalization on health first emerged with its positive effects on economic growth (Labont et al. In order to solve the health problems of the poor, people should draw the attention of the government. Gelleny, R. D., & McCoy, M. (2001). Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne dtudes du dveloppement, 20(1), 929. The hope is that increased global trade will lead to more competition, which will spread wealth more equally. The garment industry in Bangladesh makes clothes that are then shipped out across the world. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. Gives Access to a Larger Market Through globalization countries and companies have access to a bigger consumer base. Part of Springer Nature. Health is one of the most important indicators of social welfare. The advantages of globalization are actually much like the advantages of technological improvement. The results we found contradict Tausch (2015)s evidences in 80 of 99 countries. cultural globalization, phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world. MPRA Working Paper, No. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265312. The dataset is consisting of a weighted average of collected data from several co-founders. where \({S}_{it}\) is partial sum process of the fully modified estimate of \({z}_{it}\) and \({\widehat{w}}_{i}^{-2}\) is the estimated long-run variance of \({u}_{it}\) conditional on \(\Delta {x}_{it}^{^{\prime}}\). In their study, they used life expectancy at birth and child mortality variables for 146 countries as indicators of health outcomes. According to MDGs, indexes in the context of health status show that the goals desired in terms of health are not attained in low-income countries compared to other income groups. In general, globalization has been shown to increase the standard of living in developing countries, but some analysts warn that globalization can have a negative effect on local or emerging economies and individual workers. Moreover, as social dimensions of globalization expand and communication opportunities among people in different countries increase, the possibility of human rights violations being discovered by other people increases (Dreher et al. This method considers the cross-sectional dependence and can be used, while N>T and T>N. The CADF regression is: \({\stackrel{-}{y}}_{t}\) is the average of all N observations. Health and democracy. Thus, the attention of politicians can be attracted to the problems of the poor. 2020). Menyah, K., Nazlioglu, S., & Wolde-Rufael, Y. Another example of this kind of diversity of Propelled by the efficiency or appeal of wireless communications, electronic commerce, popular culture, and international travel, globalization has been seen as a trend toward homogeneity that . Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Article If the null of no cross-sectional dependence is rejected, second-generation methods that assume cross-sectional dependence should be used in order to provide unbiased and consistent estimation results. These days we experience the coronavirus epidemic and we see once again the importance of globalization. (2006). She or he will best know the preferred format. In order to achieve SDG3, economic, social, and political integration between countries should be encouraged and democratic institutions should be improved. The authors used nonlinear time series analysis methods utilizing the data of 16 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 19702012. Culture, which consists of traits of specific groups of people such as language, religion, cuisine, and social habits, is significantly impacted. Second, although rapidly increasing consumption options and diversity are known as welfare indicators, they also can cause stress which is known as an important determinant of many diseases both psychological and physical (Cutler et al. OECD Economic Studies, 1, 5378. Globalization and poverty (No. Another finding of the study is that socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and access to health care services are important determinants of health status. A reinvestigation of EKC model by ecological footprint measurement for high, middle and low income countries. In 2013, a textile factory building collapsed, killing more than 1,100 workers. Swamy, P. A. In their recent study, Shahbaz et al. According to regression results, per capita income, literacy rate, and lower fertility are important determinants of life expectancy while living in a tropical area decreasing it. The impact of globalization and financial development on environmental quality: Evidence from selected countries in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It is an important instrument in the suppression of the inequality created by economic globalization. There are several reasons why this might be the case, including: Access to labor: Globalization gives all nations access to a wider labor pool. Health outcome measures of this study are infant mortality and life expectancy. However, some countries still suffer from poor adaption to global markets. The second group mostly focuses on the benefits of free trade, capital mobility, and technology transfers (Rao and Vadlamannati 2011). The results show that a 1% increase in globalization index increases life expectancy %0.014 and %0.015 according to CUP-FM and BA-OLS estimators, respectively. \({\stackrel{\sim }{Z}}_{it}\)=k and \(Var\left({\stackrel{\sim }{Z}}_{it}\right)=2k(T-k-1)/T+1\). The migrant labourers may leave their families and live temporarily in another country, thus disrupting the family and social fabric of their home . Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 38, 311323. Article According to the results, the null of homogeneity is accepted at %1 in all models. Correspondence to Journal of cleaner production, 188, 144157. 2022. On the relationship between globalization and life expectancy. Also, the child mortality rate was reduced by 53% and maternal mortality by 43% (WHO 2016). Bergh, A., & Nilsson, T. (2010). All rights reserved. 3 is Pesaran et al. Advances in communication enable businesses to identify opportunities for investment. KOF Globalization Index. The estimations do not take this process into account may cause inconsistent results. Haliselik, E., & Soytas, M. A. Slider with three articles shown per slide. In the estimation of long-run coefficients, the CUP-FM estimator was used and this method is based on the following regression, where \({\widehat{\lambda }}_{i}^{^{\prime}}\) refers to the estimated factor loadings and \(\hat{y}_{{i,t}}^{ + } = y_{{i,t}} - \left( {\lambda _{i} ^{\prime } \hat{\Omega }_{{F \in i}} + \hat{\Omega }_{{\mu \in i}} } \right)\hat{\Omega }_{{ \in i}}^{{ - 1}} {{\Delta }}x_{{i,t}}\) indicates the transformation of the dependent variable for endogeneity correction. Editor of. (2019) who found a positive relationship between globalization and life expectancy. The effect of democracy on life expectancy is also positive and significant at 1% which confirms the findings of Franco et al. In the estimation of the model, the panel data analysis methods are used. Our results show that a higher level of per capita income is positively associated with higher levels of life expectancy. Globalization can play an important role in improving the health conditions of low-income countries to the extent that it can provide these linkages. Guzel, A.E., Arslan, U. 1 are heterogeneous. Geneva: World Health Organization. Raul Prebisch and the origins of the doctrine of unequal exchange. As you stop to fill up your car (paying approximately $2.50 to $3.50 per gallon of gas in the U.S.) and then . CAS Third, due to knowledge spillovers and communication technology, people can learn about healthy nutrition and protection from communicable diseases. According to estimations of the continuous-updated fully modified (CUP-FM) and bias-adjusted ordinary least squares (BA-OLS), globalization and its subcomponents such as economic, social, and political globalization affect life expectancy positively. 2. 4, \({\stackrel{\sim }{\beta }}_{i}\) and \({\overbrace{\beta }}_{WFE},\) respectively, indicate the parameters obtained from pooled OLS and weighted fixed effects estimation, while \({M}_{T}\) is the identity matrix. This study presents gender-specific estimates separately for men and women. Does globalization affect growth? Financing Through the crisis and beyond. The resulting spread of slavery demonstrates that globalization can hurt people just as easily as it can connect people.The rate of globalization has increased in recent years, a result of rapid advancements in communication and transportation. (2014). (2008) bias-adjusted LM test. For example, many software engineers and Internet entrepreneurs who live and work in Silicon Valley, California, maintain homes inand strong social ties toIndian states such as Maharashtra and Punjab. Ha, E. (2012). Dreher, A., Gassebner, M., & Siemers, L. H. (2012). One may think about unhealthy conditions of an urban area such as environmental degradation, air and water pollution, higher crime rates, and stress which reduce life expectancy. Buss, P. M. (2002). Latin American Research Review, 15(3), 4572. Owen, A. L., & Wu, S. (2007). While cooperation between different countries requires globalization in the economic, social, and political fields, democracy is the way to ensure cooperation between governments and societies. Globalization and growth in the low income African countries with the extreme bounds analysis. Determinants of life expectancy in developing countries. Political and economic stability facilitate globalization as well. Environment, Development and Sustainability, $${lex}_{it}={\beta }_{1i}+{\beta }_{2}{X}_{it}+{\beta }_{5}{dem}_{it}+{\beta }_{6}{gdp}_{it}+{\varepsilon }_{it}$$, $${\text{CD}}_{{{\text{LM}}}} = \left( {\frac{1}{{N\left( {N - 1} \right)}}} \right)^{{\frac{1}{2}}} \sum\limits_{{i = 1}}^{{N - 1}} {\sum\limits_{{j = i + 1}}^{N} {(T\hat{\rho }_{{ij}} ^{2} - 1)} }$$, $${LM}_{adj}=\sqrt{\frac{2}{N(N-1)}}\sum_{i=1}^{N-1}\sum_{j=i+1}^{N}\frac{\left(T-k\right){\widehat{\rho }}_{ij}^{2}-{\mu }_{Tij}}{{V}_{Tij}}$$, $$\widehat{S}=\sum_{i=1}^{N}\left({\stackrel{\sim }{\beta }}_{i}-{\overbrace{\beta}}_{WFE}\right)\frac{{x}_{i}^{^{\prime}}{M}_{T}{x}_{i}}{\stackrel{\sim }{{\sigma }_{i}^{2}}}\left({\stackrel{\sim }{\beta }}_{i}-{\overbrace{\beta }}_{WFE}\right)$$, $$\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }=\sqrt{N}\left(\frac{{N}^{-1}\stackrel{\sim }{S}-k}{\sqrt{2k}}\right)$$, $${\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }}_{adj}=\sqrt{N}\left(\frac{{N}^{-1}\stackrel{\sim }{S}-E({\stackrel{\sim }{Z}}_{it})}{\sqrt{Var({\stackrel{\sim }{Z}}_{it})}}\right)$$, \(Var\left({\stackrel{\sim }{Z}}_{it}\right)=2k(T-k-1)/T+1\), $${\Delta y}_{it}={\alpha }_{i}+{\rho }_{i}^{*}{y}_{i,t-1}+{d}_{0}{\stackrel{-}{y}}_{t-1}+{d}_{1}\Delta {\stackrel{-}{y}}_{t}+{\epsilon }_{it}$$, $${\Delta y}_{it}={\alpha }_{i}+{\rho }_{i}^{*}{y}_{i,t-1}+{d}_{0}{\stackrel{-}{y}}_{t-1}+\sum_{j=0}^{p}{d}_{j+1}\Delta {\stackrel{-}{y}}_{t-j}+\sum_{k=1}^{p}{c}_{k}\Delta {y}_{i,t-k}+{\epsilon }_{it}$$, $$CIPS=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{i=1}^{N}{CADF}_{i}$$, $${y}_{it}={\alpha }_{i}+{x}_{it}^{^{\prime}}{\beta }_{i}+{z}_{it}$$, $${z}_{it}={u}_{it}+{v}_{it} ,{v}_{it}= \sum_{j=1}^{t}{n}_{ij}$$, $${LM}_{N}^{+}=\frac{1}{N{T}^{2}}\sum_{i=1}^{N}\sum_{t=1}^{T}{\widehat{w}}_{i}^{-2}{S}_{it}^{2}$$, $${\widehat{\beta }}_{CUP}=\left[\sum_{i=1}^{N}\left(\sum_{i=1}^{T}{\widehat{y}}_{i,t}^{+}\left({\widehat{\beta }}_{CUP}\right){\left({x}_{i,t}-{\stackrel{\sim }{x}}_{i}\right)}^{^{\prime}}-T\left({\widehat{\lambda }}_{i}^{^{\prime}}\left({\widehat{\beta }}_{CUP}\right){\widehat{\Delta }}_{F\epsilon i}^{+}\left({\widehat{\beta }}_{CUP}\right)+{\widehat{\Delta }}_{\mu \epsilon i}^{+}\left({\widehat{\beta }}_{CUP}\right)\right)\right)\right]{\left[\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{i=1}^{T}\left({x}_{i,t}-{\stackrel{\sim }{x}}_{i}\right){\left({x}_{i,t}-{\stackrel{\sim }{x}}_{i}\right)}^{^{\prime}}\right]}^{-1}$$, \(\hat{y}_{{i,t}}^{ + } = y_{{i,t}} - \left( {\lambda _{i} ^{\prime } \hat{\Omega }_{{F \in i}} + \hat{\Omega }_{{\mu \in i}} } \right)\hat{\Omega }_{{ \in i}}^{{ - 1}} {{\Delta }}x_{{i,t}}\), $$\widehat{k}=\mathrm{min}\left(IC\left(k\right)\right), 1

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