Geographical and agricultural motifs developed in the region that both were relevant and meaningful in such a setting. Each of these affects the development of religion in a given area. Within Chinas boundaries exists a highly diverse and complex country. See Also: Geography, Religion, Gods, and Saints in the Eastern Mediterranean (Routledge, 2020). China stretches for about 3,250 miles (5,250 km) from east to west and 3,400 miles (5,500 km) from north to south. The opposite is true. Geography influences the development of the people who occupy given areas. Fimbulwinter consists of three consecutive winters with no intervening summers, during which time snow comes from all directions and most of the living world dies of the cold. This conclusion lies at the heart of liberalism, an ideology that emerged in response to the religious wars of the 1500s and 1600s. Geography, and the geological and climatological characteristics that are thereby derived, have a significant effect upon the daily life and needs of people. She has a Master's degree in History. The summer monsoons would bring in much needed water for agriculture, but sometimes flooded the river valley regions across central China. A geographer might conclude that Yemen is likely to have very few converts from Islam to Christianity. Supported by: From small farming communities rose dynasties such as the Zhou (1046-256 B.C.E. 1 How geography influences religion and religion affect culture? Geography includes both natural barriers, political institutions, and cultures. - Religion has caused some of the biggest war in history, like World War 2. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. He has a BA in Philosophy from UC Santa Barbara, and an MA in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from CEVRO Institute, Prague, Czech Republic. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Storm-god in the Ancient Near East. The island province of Taiwan, which has been under separate administration since 1949, is discussed in the article Taiwan. 8. Phenomena and characteristics associated with agrarian religion endured in the region for a very long time indeed, and only began to be eclipsed during the course of the twentieth century CE. These names do not refer to separate deities, but instead should be considered manifestations of Baal-Hadad as associated with a particular locality (Allen 2015; Schwemer 2008, 15-16; Haddad 1960, 46). Similarly, China's ongoing genocide against the Muslim Uyghur minority is supposed to wipe out the "Three Evil Forces" of separatism, terrorism, and extremism. 2010. Geography may be part of the answer. From the ninth century to the twelfth century, Islamic culture flourished and crystallized into what we now recognize as Islam. Unlike the other early civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus Valley, ancient China was surrounded by natural barriers that kept them isolated from the western world. In northern and western Mesopotamia those areas characterized by rainfall agriculture and dry farming the storm-gods occupied positions of high importance within their panthea and often were perceived of as hot-tempered, fickle, and bellicose. The Tibetan Tundra is located in the Tibetan plateau and has the coldest temperatures, which limits the use of its land severely. China is located in East Asia and at the West is the Pacific Ocean. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia, in the Indian subcontinent, and in China? This allowed China to develop independently without any outside influences. Geography has played a significant role in the development and spread of religions in West Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and China. Ancient China developed in east Asia along the Yangtze River and Yellow River. DepartmentBldg Tucson, AZ 85721 TEL 520-621-6897 FAX 520-626-9014. For example, in Yemen, it is illegal to convert from Islam to another religion. Ancient China developed along The Yellow River and Yangtze River, which are still protected today by natural barriers. Biblical and Judaic Studies from the University of California San Diego, edited by William Henry Propp, vol. 168 lessons The second tropical rainforest is the Xishuangbanna in the Yunnan Province, located on the southwest tip of China. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. In everyday life how can you conserve water write some points? Assistant Professor, Religious Studies Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. The most obvious change in political institutions was that the old feudal structure was replaced by systems of incipient bureaucracy under monarchy. What are the effects of religion to our culture? , saved through our faith in God.b. She attended the Business school at the University of Houston where she received her Bachelor's in Business Administration. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Its climate ranges from extremely dry, desertlike conditions in the northwest to tropical monsoon in the southeast, and China has the greatest contrast in temperature between its northern and southern borders of any country in the world. China has mountains, plateaus, deserts, and tropical rainforests. In many North African and Middle Eastern countries, on the other hand, Islam is dominant. The Gobi Desert spans roughly 1,000 miles across central Asia and can be divided into five sub-regions: the Eastern Gobi Desert steppe, the Alashan plateau, the Gobi Lakes Valley desert steppe, Dzungarian Basin semi-desert, and the Tian Shan range. West Asia is the subcontinent that connects Asia to the Mediterranean and Europe. Geography does not only affect where particular religions or belief systems, such as the world's major faiths, are located but it can affect how specific beliefs are practiced and behaviors that it encourages. Mountain ranges protect China's southwest borders while the Gobi Desert in the West and North. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Due to such diverse regions within the Gobi Desert, the climate is also very diverse. These kinds of weather patterns and water resources distinctly have shaped Levantine religious notions and practices, as well. Geographers do not simply look at physical features, such as mountains and deserts, that have formed the borders between religions in the past. how did geography affect religions event and development in west asia, in the indian subcontinent, and in china? Geography of Religion as A Theory: Geography Shapes Religion "Geography is far more important in the study of religions than is generally appreciated. In the part of human beings lives in _____ with environment a) Care b) co-operation c) Happily d) Harmony. Agrarian religion in the Levant, in Grehans formulation, was driven by geographical influences and characterized by sacred sites, essential agricultural needs, shared religious culture, and saints and holy figures. The location of the Levant, situated at the Eastern littoral of the Mediterranean Sea basin, has affected regional climate and rainfall patterns. This relative isolation from the outside world made possible over the centuries the flowering and refinement of the Chinese culture, but it also left China ill prepared to cope with that world when, from the mid-19th century, it was confronted by technologically superior foreign nations. By Erica Ferg The mythological narrative of Fimbulwinter and in particular its origins in snow and ice was relevant among its communities precisely because of the specific geography and geology of cold northern climates. As geography becomes less of a barrier to communicating with other cultures because of the Internet, it makes sense that dominant languages continue to spread around the world reaching even the most remote corners of globe. With more than 4,000 years of recorded history, China is one of the few existing countries that also flourished economically and culturally in the earliest stages of world civilization. The geography of religion also takes account of the relationship between religion and ethnicity. Updates? Author of, University Professor Emeritus of History and Sociology, University of Pittsburgh. In 1969, Hassan S. Haddad wrote a brief article titled Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant, wherein he noted the similarities of Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir among agricultural communities of Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the Levant (Haddad 1969, 21-39). Three main features in particular have affected geography in the Eastern Mediterranean. These religions emphasized the importance of living a simple and spiritual life, which was well suited to the harsh living conditions of the desert. Indeed, the region primarily can be characterized by an agricultural economic base through the mid-twentieth century CE. Most of Europe, the Americas, and many African countries are characterized by a Christian heritage that has made most of the population Christian today. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. unholy spirit.4. Time Geography Overview & Examples | What is Time Geography? Write an essay of at least one page that describes how religion can be used as a moral guide. Religious beliefs and ideas, symbols and practice, are naturally affected by the social and geographical conditions in which the theology is elaborated (Hinnels 2010, 13). 4d. Geography influences the development of the people who occupy given areas. However, the other world religions can be easily separated from ethnicity. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Learn about the geography of religion. Religious groups often have long memories, and they can harbor resentment over past persecution for centuries. The much drier, cooler climate in the eastern part of China brought much famine and drought in ancient times. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia, in the Indian subcontinent, and in China 1 See answer Advertisement Advertisement garciajessa072 garciajessa072 Answer: it will affect their belief but still i don't know . Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Religious conflicts can be avoided by understanding and compassion. Tropical Rainforest - Hainan Province, China. Both A and C is correct.THIS PART IS : FILL IN THE BLANK.3. Religious beliefs and ideas, symbols and practice, are naturally affected by the social and geographical conditions in which the theology is elaborated" (Hinnels 2010, 13). Being located exactly at the convergence of three continental plates the African, Arabian, and Eurasian has created the topography of the region and has resulted in three topographical zones: coastal plains in the west, a central band of mountain ranges, and plains and plateaus in the east. [2] Across the Gobi Desert, temperatures contrast greatly depending on the region of desert. The world religions paradigm is the theoretical framework from within which most of the investigations involving the popular Jewish, Christian, and Muslim figures of Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir have been undertaken. In West Asia, the harsh desert environment and the scarcity of resources led to the development of monotheistic religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Think about the region you live in, and the characteristics of religion and its influences in your region, and write an essay of at least two pages that describes this. succeed. To that end, and as compared with a traditional world religions paradigm, theories associated with the field of Geography of Religion represent a more-promising approach for understanding the ways in which locality and temporality inform religious phenomena. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia,in the Indian subcontinent and in China? 8 Why do dominant languages continue to spread around the world? Jesus Christ.c. How does geography affect culture? Climate and geography play major roles in determining many lifestyle factors. Similarly, when the Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan accepted Islam, thousands of nomadic Turkic bands followed him into the faith. Religious institutions became more defined during this period as state power waned. To fully appreciate China's broad geographic and cultural diversity, one needs to identify general characteristics that act as . But geography does have a distinct shaping influence on religion. They might also be able to show how geography can shape the borders of certain religions. Al-Khir and Elijah are associated as well, especially in Islamic religious texts, and al-Khir and St. George share iconographical representation (mounted on horseback or standing, vanquishing a dragon, snake, or human foe underfoot). Since it is a driving force for billions of people, religion is a fruitful area of study. Thus, the study of religion is a fruitful and important areas of inquiry. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns. What type of diffusion spreads languages? In other cultures, it is not uncommon for that conflict to be bloody. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Language Development & Diffusion | What are the Most Spoken Languages? People in those regions, dependent on the whims of the weather, resorted to cultic rituals directed to specific gods in order to obtain moisture from the skies. Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant. In Numen, 16, Fasc. 2010. Expert Answers. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. The tallest mountains in the world, the Himalayan Mountains, are located on the southwestern border of China and served as a natural barrier for any influence or invasion from the west. Some other well-known mountains in China are the Kunlun Mountains, the Tianshan Mountains, and the Qinling Mountains. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. The geography of religion also takes account of the relationship between religion and ethnicity. Discover what geographic features isolated ancient China from other civilizations and learn geography facts about China. This perspective can make sense from a disciplinary standpoint, but by focusing on individual world religions categories to the exclusion of other variables, such as geography, this perspective also can occlude understanding. Even irreligious people are profoundly influenced by religious ideas, practices, and power. Since the 1960s, the field of Geography of Religion has evolved in various ways, but one of its more important contributions is the contextualization of religion that is evident in local, geographically oriented studies of religion (Stump 2008, 177; Knott 2010, 476-491). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Why are most people in Arabia Muslim, while most people in North America are Christian? The major seas in China are the East Sea, South Sea, and Yellow Sea. This would constitute apostasy, a crime which is punishable by death. Overcoming Barriers to Participation in Sports, Introduction to Human Geography: Certificate Program, Introduction to Human Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Tutoring Solution, Virginia SOL - World History & Geography 1500 to Present: Test Prep & Practice, OSAT World History/Geography (CEOE) (018): Practice & Study Guide, History, Culture & People of the Americas, Middle Level Social Studies: Help & Review, Psychology 107: Life Span Developmental Psychology, SAT Subject Test US History: Practice and Study Guide, SAT Subject Test World History: Practice and Study Guide, Intro to Excel: Essential Training & Tutorials, Create an account to start this course today. Probably, due to The Warring States period before China's unification in 221 BC. Geography of Religion as A Theory: Geography Shapes Religion. Occupying nearly the entire East Asian landmass, it covers approximately one-fourteenth of the land area of Earth. My own book Sacred Worlds: an introduction to Geography and Religion, was published in 1994. 2005. The Eastern Mediterranean was shaped by certain geographical and climatological forces that enabled life, through rainfall agriculture, but that also limited life, due to a lack of largescale irrigative rivers, constant aridity, and the blight of frequent drought. That is because a traditional world religions perspective of these figures understood the figures only in isolation, uprooted from their local settings, and separated from their local communities. Kevin has edited encyclopedias, taught history, and has an MA in Islamic law/finance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. The climate across the Himalayan Mountains also is not a uniform climate and changes with the monsoons. A normal spirit.d. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. However, it is important to note that Judaism is both a religious and an ethnic identity. The cold temperatures also kept Ancient China from expanding to the North. As more and more people shared the same set of beliefs and practices, people who did not know each other could find common ground and build mutual trust and respect. Oftentimes, people with a shared heritage share cultural, religious, and ethnic characteristics. Religious groups might even come to violence over past persecution, significant differences, or land disputes. However, until the Enlightenment, this distinction was rarely made. How did geography affect religious events and development in the country? Sacred sites in the region intimately are related to geography, and often were hulled from the rocky landscape or simply created around natural wonders, consisting of holy mountains, noteworthy rock formations, and caves especially caves with access to subterranean water. Religion is also studied within cultural geography, which studies how cultural processes spread. Along with the mainland, there are a few islands, mainly Hainan Island, that are also part of this territory. What are the major features that characteristize African rivers? What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? In addition to laws, social norms have a huge impact on religious practice. How does geography play a role in the development and spread of religion? In 1969, Hassan S. Haddad wrote a brief article titled Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant, wherein he noted the similarities of Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir among agricultural communities of Jews, Christians, and Muslims in the Levant (Haddad 1969, 21-39). flashcard sets. What are the major teachings of Buddhism? Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Geography, Space and the Sacred. In The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion, 2nd ed., 476491. After all, how can people with different values live together peacefully? Civilization began in China along the Huang he and Chang Jiang rivers. How long has China existed as a discrete politico-cultural unit? The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part One, Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 7, no.
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how did geography affect religious events in china