social issues in south asia

Now and Always,The Trusted Content Your Research Requires, Now and Always, The Trusted Content Your Research Requires, Built on the Johns Hopkins University Campus. Surrounding the Ocean: PRC Influence in the Indian Ocean, Africa Matters to the World Banks Global Role and Heres How, How Indonesia Used Chinese Industrial Investments to Turn Nickel into the New Gold, Malcolm H. Kerr Carnegie Middle East Center, not created a self-sustaining pro-state political order, enduring political power and serious limits on rights, partial democracies marked by factionalism, https://www.mha.gov.in/documents/annual-reports, https://www.mha.gov.in/division_of_mha/north-east-division, https://www.pakpips.com/publications#1512730923805-d52fde57-07fa. In all of these cases, anti-state violence is now below its twenty-first-century peak. Database searches were conducted in eight electronic databases. To this day, money sent back home by these migrant workers accounts for as much as a third of some countries economies. -- Volume 31, Number 3, November 2016, Editorial Board This blend of repression and collusion has reduced direct anti-state violence. Nevertheless, the homeownership rate is on the rise among Asian Americans, increasing from 53% in 2000 to 59% in 2019. Unlike in the Northeast, there has been an uptick in conflict-related fatalities in the second half of the decade rather than a continued decrease. (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images, How the World Works and Sometimes Doesnt, Return to -- Volume 36, Number 3, November 2021, Editorial Board Like most international sporting events, the World Nomad Games also serve as a political forum. -- Volume 27, Number 2, October 2012, Editorial Board While there is a heavy security force presence in the region, there has also been space for long-running ceasefires and negotiations that reduce violence even when they do not fully resolve contested political issues. Figure 1 below shows fatality data from the nongovernmental South Asia Terrorism Portal (SATP), and Figure 2 shows official Indian government data from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).2. Two prominent causes of family conflict arise when South Asian adolescents and young adults wish to start dating or pursue a career that is discerned to be unacceptable by the parents. Produced by Johns Hopkins University Press in collaboration with The Sheridan Libraries. Deaths from Diarrheal Diseases. While economic distress is weighing down all South Asian countries, some are coping better than others. A participant at the 2018 World Nomad Games at Kyrchyn Gorge, Kyrgyzstan. %PDF-1.4 % Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent this year - a downward revision of 1 percentage point from the forecast made in June. The Baloch revolt is likely to endure, as the security establishment has not created a self-sustaining pro-state political order, but it does not currently pose a severe threat to state power. The U.S. foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Figure 4 draws on three datasets on political violence in Pakistan over time.4 While they examine somewhat different definitions of violence, and all of the crucial caveats about data quality outlined above for India hold for Pakistan as well, the basic trend of sharply decreasing fatalities in political violence over the last decade is consistent across them. Figure 5 shows trends in V-Dems Liberal Democracy index since 2000 (higher numbers indicate greater liberal democracy). Here are some of the problems, and some things you personally can do Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent this year - a downward revision of 1 percentage point from the forecast made in June. In Sri Lanka, the period of victory over the LTTE and its aftermath saw autocratization under the rule of the Rajapaksa family, a trend that changed when a new government came to power in 2015. Regions of the World, Return to And religious minorities in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Bangladesh often face severe persecution and receive almost no government protections. India has also improved cooperation with the military in Myanmar, aiming to limit cross-border movements. You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. This unpredictability makes it at least conceivable that there could be renewed efforts by states to support rebellions in strategic areas. However, in South Asian families individuals can also feel pressure to sacrifice their personal desires for the expectations of their family. SOJOURN is published thrice a year, in March, July and November. SOJOURN: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the study of social and cultural issues in Southeast Asia. Labor mobility across and within countries enables economic development by allowing people to move to locations where they are more productive. Its home to 1.3 billion people and has twenty-two official regional languages. 0000033263 00000 n In this context, this essay explores whether and how there is contestation in the south Asian social movements. There are various currents of social movements, today, across the region, which have become strengthened and highly vocal over last three decades. India makes more than 1,500 movies a yearalmost triple the number Hollywood producesand the cultural significance of these films cannot be understated. It has been reported in American media that the group has certain stigmas in relation to the LGBT communities. The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum. Suppressing violence is not necessarily the same as resolving conflict. In one Bollywood blockbuster, Two States, star-crossed lovers navigate their backgrounds from Punjab and Tamil Nadu, two Indian states from the north and farthest south of the country, with different languages and cultures. Instead, mob violence has become a more persistent concern than rebellion. This report intends to capture the current state of play of the global water justice movement in order to strengthen struggles for public and community water systems. 0000005234 00000 n There has been a dramatic transformation of Pakistans security environment since the height of the TTPs power. This is not a simple story of state capacity, however: coercive power has been deployed in selective ways, including cases in which a state ignores or cooperates with non-state armed groups, from militias to vigilantes. In the Global South there is a huge research gap in linking the social movements and power dynamics within the societies. qQa]6KJ4biYYtbubq>C)-,V~#h[ }06cc8 Ve[o~?ph (4)lUx\X PhD Candidate - Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Windsor. For example, the TTP is alleged to be regrouping in Afghanistan, Pakistan claims that India is supporting Baloch rebels, the Taliban operates out of Pakistan, India focuses on Pakistans long history of support for terrorist and militant groups, and Indian media signals concern about Chinese backing for insurgents in the Northeast. Most of the environmental issues in Southeast Asia are inextricably linked, and working to ameliorate one will often have added benefits for the others. Issues like water scarcity, poverty, food insecurity, resource depletion, climate change, environmental degradation, inadequacy of health services, and so forth directly affect millions of South Asians. The movements, thus, have become contested power games around the issues of class, caste/ethnicity, gender, region and development. First, important insurgencies still continue in the region, even if they are diminished in intensity, while ideologies, inequalities, and forms of resistance persist that can be mobilized against state power. Some years are missing because specific data on sanctioned force size was not included in the annual reports for those years. Another major source of political violence in Pakistan was militarized electoral competition in Karachi, where the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM)an armed political party with a strong base among ethnic Muhajirshad been a crucial presence in the city since the 1980s. In a number of cases, a self-sustaining, pro-state political order remains distant, and the security apparatus is instead needed to deter or contain resistance. The discussion has implications for developing treatment and All rights reserved. Sources: World Bank Macro Poverty Outlook and staff calculations. In India, protests against a brutal gang rape in Delhi in 2012 rocked the country and launched a movement centered on womens rights, resulting in new laws to prosecute perpetrators of sexual violence. 0000001688 00000 n Yet extrapolating confidently from this trend is dangerous: the politics of the region are too dynamic to assume continuity. Social movements in southern Asia have been shaped by the social relations dominated by the elites of the south Asian societies who share some common features in You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. University of Windsor provides funding as a member of The Conversation CA. Unlike in the other countries examined here, large-scale anti-state insurgency has not been a major feature of Bangladeshs politics in the last two decades; a 1997 peace deal with the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti, a political party formed to represent the Indigenous peoples in the eastern Chittagong Hill Tracts, marked the end of a classical insurgency. Tamil militancy had been a fact of life in Sri Lanka since the 1970s, with the LTTE coming to dominate the insurgency. And in Nepal, a Maoist insurgency fought its way into a stalemate with Nepals security forces by 2005. Third, the international environment has changed in the last fifteen years. A map showing the major religion in each country of South Asia. The number is even highertwo-thirds of all school-aged girlsin Afghanistan, where 83 percent of women are illiterate. Moving from corporate responsibility to impact, US Fed likely to make final interest rate hike in May, and other economy stories you need to read this week, World Economic Outlook shows economies facing high uncertainty, Mehdi Benatiya Andaloussi and Chiara Maggi, Heres what the mixed economic messages mean for business, IMF: Fiscal policy can promote economic stability and address risks to public finances, Francesca Caselli, Vitor Gaspar, Gee Hee Hong and Paulo Medas, Inflation reaches lowest point in almost two years, is affecting economies, industries and global issues, with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale. -- Volume 31, Number 1, March 2016, Editorial Board Having beaten back this challenge, the Pakistan Army has emerged as an even more influential force. Many studies have shown that South Asian immigrants in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom experience high rates of mental health disorders, sometimes higher than their peers. trailer The resulting squeeze on real income is severe, particularly for the regions poor who spend a large share of their income on food. And similar to Europe, local identity is strong in Indiaturnout for state assembly elections is often higher than that for national elections. India is so large and diverse that it seems to be more a continent than a country. High commodity prices also worsened Pakistans external imbalances, bringing down its reserves. 0000003934 00000 n Central Asian Society Drifts From Soviet Past, National Cultures Put on Display at Central Asian World Nomad Games, Central Asian Migration to Russia Brings Money, Social Problems. Its massive fan base spans Africa, Central Asia, the Middle East, and even across the border in Pakistan. India's child malnutrition levels nearly double those of sub-Saharan Africa; one in ten Pakistani 2023 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. -- Volume 35, Number 2, July 2020, Editorial Board How has this transformation occurred? -- Volume 33, Number 2, July 2018, Editorial Board Immigrant Asians were slightly more likely than U.S.-born Asians to be homeowners in 2019 (60% vs. 56%). endstream endobj 78 0 obj <>stream -- Volume 33, Number 3, November 2018, Editorial Board Finally, instability in and political exclusion from regimes can foster rebellions, even after long periods of apparent stability. During monsoon season, Dhaka and Mumbais streets flood regularly due to clogged drains and the cities low elevation. Bringing South Asians Into a Very White Space. Life expectancy in South Asia has risen dramatically over the past fifty years. LA3\LWy6"8HWKdobDC yg1FhnuykT-@|WZFkjYoHK @zAI'niDfJ2;[AT%@96dw7fLl9=gR\}Q9Gpa~>i U>U$nV>?7 j=8IPnnQklNSc j3~MvL4@LU!MK'e9>6C-62.P'_.ANEH=` wX2 .chakra .wef-facbof{display:inline;}@media screen and (min-width:56.5rem){.chakra .wef-facbof{display:block;}}You can unsubscribe at any time using the link in our emails. These gender inequalities continue into adulthood. Education has a significant Such non-state violence is often not waged against the state or political system, but instead is used as a bloody tool of social control and political maneuvering. Third, even noninsurgent violence has the potential to spiral into broader conflict. Since 2000, India has faced insurgencies in three geographic areas. -- Volume 28, Number 2, July 2013, Editorial Board ~o hc}0`SctnEKjkf|;5SLg0]{7{rRr^"z1asq1vp[WDG5)2?,=Ma;M),n^\e}H V In 2019, a group of South Asian Americans petitioned the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to cancel a planned award for Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Other film industries include Tollywood for Telugu-language films and Sandalwood for Kannada-language films. Get the latest news from World101, including teaching resources and special offers. 0000006311 00000 n Following critical discourse analysis, the paper concludes that the social movements has been shaped by the social relations dominated by the elites of the south Asian societies who share some common features in terms of culture and ideology. Three states have populations of over one hundred million people. It is based on conversations that took place at the Our Future is Public conferencein Santiago, Chile, in 2022, and is part of the movements critical response to- and reflections on the UN 2023 WaterConference. The mass migration of workers to Russia has slowed the economic development of Central Asian countries, incentivizing generation after generation to leave the country; this trend creates a negative feedback loop. Following seven decades of Soviet rule, these newly independent countries are reasserting their distinct national identities through events such as the World Nomad Games, where traditional sports like horseback archery, golden eagle hunting, and high-speed yurt-building are on full display. The three big issues facing East Asia | World Economic Forum HTM0Wj|4,t5LG$};LV$!u~Izke@F(/_z2f:TD&P^GJ,&A)Q)mrv8VVQEb -- Volume 29, Number 3, November 2014, Editorial Board In the regions largest states, rather than reductions in violence opening space for revitalized democracy, there has been democratic decay or stagnation. 2715 North Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland, USA 21218. It is home to one-quarter of the worlds population spread over just 7 percent of the worlds landmass. Second, interstate politics are shifting in South Asia, opening the possibility of new dynamics of cross-border spillover, proxy warfare, and state sponsorship of armed groups. %%EOF These approaches to therapy are difficult to translate across language and cultures without appropriate modification. WebSouth Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms. All rights reserved. 0000001283 00000 n The growing size and resources of internal security forces, consolidation of powerful regimes, and changed international environment may have made rebellion increasingly unsustainable, even when political grievances remain. There has been less political accommodation than in Indias Northeast, and human rights abuses are pervasive, fusing counterinsurgency with the broader political objectives of the military in managing Pakistans political sphere. Exports and the services sector in India, the regions largest economy, have recovered more strongly than the world average while its ample foreign reserves served as a buffer to external shocks. The film industry is one of Indias most prominent cultural exports. Firstly, cutting the costs migrants face should be high on the policy agenda. A set of deals with local warlords and TTP splinters created partners for the security forces; rather than monopolizing violence, the security apparatus has used other non-state armed groups as tools of power projection and local control. This article focuses on the core states of the Indian subcontinent. As the former Soviet Republics of Central Asia have drifted from Russia, they have looked to their own past to forge, or reassert, post-Soviet national identities. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. ;`w#O*>Brq` pdtw:E7[mEb"0pf"AEA57A{)c

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