5. 35. 51. 24 18. In August 1935 Cruel Sports reported that a group of women from the Leeds branch had protested against the Kendal and District Otter Hounds in July. Mackenzie, John M., The Empire of Nature (Manchester, 1988), p. 33 This reversal shows that the campaigning did have an impact, albeit a small one, on the public perception of the activity. Collinson quotes from the second chapter of Isaak Walton's The Compleat Angler: Or the Contemplative Man's Recreation (1653): God keep you all, gentlemen, and send you meet this day with another bitch otter, and kill her merrily, and all her young ones too.Footnote For almost 40 years, the otters in southeast Alaska scrapped by. After retiring from the army he devoted much of his time to lecturing in schools across the country about the fair treatment of animals. 75. and broadly disregarded spearing as one of the blood-thirsty methods used by our forefathers.Footnote 48. The incident was widely reported and horrified the public. As this practice was almost exclusivelyFootnote . 336, p. 34. 27 The recent exposure in Devonshire, where a master of otter hounds was sentenced to imprisonment. The Masters of Otterhounds Association was formed on 9th February 1910. In the Aleutian Islands, a massive and unexpected disappearance of sea otters has occurred since the 1980s. The cause of the decline is not known, although the observed pattern of disappearances is consistent with a rise in orca predation. Sea otters give live birth. Although Coleridge's speech was welcomed with loud cheers and rapturous applause, the chairman of the committee was far from impressed by the impromptu inclusion of the subject. It depicts Varndell as a solitary figure deep in thought. Allen, Daniel, The Hunted Otter in Britain, 18301939, in Middleton, K. and Pooley, S., eds, Wild Things: Nature and the Social Imagination (Cambridge, 2013)Google Scholar; Moreover, otters are not hunted by fishermen, but by people whose notions of fun are to go out and kill something.Footnote Google Scholar. Promoting the humane principles. The otter is as good an excuse as the next one; and, after all, the beast usually escapes.Footnote The Humanitarian League's strategy was that whenever an article mentioning otter hunting appeared in a newspaper or magazine, League members would bombard that publication with letters of protest. Published online by Cambridge University Press: Salt, Henry, Seventy Years Among Savages (London, 1921) p. 141 These snaps, which had been taken by otter hunters, were lifted from local newspapers then republished with evocative captions. L. C. R. Cameron, Otters and Otter-Hunting (1908), cited in Collinson, The Hunted Otter, p. 6. 15, Although this document only had a small readership it proved to be the earliest written condemnation of the sport from an organisation. Rogers, William, Records of the Cheriton Otter Hounds (Taunton, 1925)Google Scholar. 68 . On Tuesday 28th April, a small group of members from the Oxford Branch assembled in Islip to demonstrate against the Buckinghamshire Otter Hounds (Figure 2). 23 Although this demonstration was by all accounts quiet and orderly, the encounter did produce a rather interesting spectacle. Colonies were discovered around Alaska's Aleutian Islands and Prince William Sound in the 1930s. One of the first men of influence to join the Humanitarian League was Colonel William Lisle Blenkinsopp Coulson (18411911). What are perhaps more interesting are his reasons for wanting to preserve the otter. 7. In these terms, this exceptional incident was absorbed into the broader campaign against blood sports. In 1901 he also contributed a four page paper, The Otter Worry, to the League's sixty-three page pamphlet British Blood Sports: Let us go out and kill something. Tichelar, Michael, A blow to the men in Pink: The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and Opposition to Hunting in the Twentieth Century, Rural History, 22 (2011), 89113 Leeds Women Protest at an Otter Hunt, Cruel Sports, August 1935, 59. The belief that any sentient being deserved protection from ill-treatment generated a comprehensive list of animal related activities marked for legislative change. 32. But in the early 2000s, their numbers exploded: From 2002 to 2011, the sea-otter population more The exposure was made all the more effective by the contradictory responses from the otter hunters involved. The hypocrisy of clergy preaching high moral standards and Christian virtues yet killing for fun was regularly exploited by members of the Humanitarian League. Their aim, to enforce the principle that it is iniquitous to inflict avoidable suffering on any sentient being, was tied to both the criminal law and prison system, and the prevention of cruelty to animals. Alongside the written article, twelve pictures are used to provide a step by step visual account of a day's hunting with the Crowhurst Otter Hounds. Rogers, W. H., Records of the Cheriton Otter Hounds (Taunton, 1925), p. 225 Glorying over being blooded at an Otter Hunt, http://www.henrysalt.co.uk/friends/colonel-coulson. Prior to the maritime fur trade which began in the late eighteenth century, sea otters ranged from Japan, north through the Aleutian Islands and down the Pacific coast of North America to Baja California (Barabash-Nikiforov 1947). 22. Like the League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sports, the National Society for the Abolition of Cruel Sports advocated the state regulation of British wildlife, and were outraged by the hunting and coursing of highly sentient creatures for sport. River otters love fish, frogs, crayfishes, crabs, and other aquatic invertebrate . Coleridge won the audience at the meeting over to his case. H. E. Bates, Otters and Men (1938), p. 1. Large numbers of sea cows occurred in the Commander Islands at the time of their discovery by Europeans in 1741. Call a professional pest removal expert Coulson later complained that clergy, more generally, did little to criticise otter hunting: Seldom do we hear from the pulpit any protests against acts of cowardice and cruelty that would shame savages. He was a founder member in 1903 of the Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire and an opponent of big game hunting. There is no danger, no risk, absolutely no excuse for this form of baiting except the insensate one of a lust for blood.Footnote Even if she is prevented from doing so, she will hang about the place where they are, and perhaps be killed wet when the cubs, too, will perish.Footnote Once all of them are out, plug up the hole and it is as simple as that. Total loading time: 0 Johnston condemned otter hunting and urged the government to give the mammal legal protection in his 1903 publication British Mammals. The Picture Post styles otter hunting as just another peculiar pastime the notoriously crazy English enjoy in the countryside. It was the only organisation that called for the legal protection of otters at the beginning of the twentieth century.Footnote In the case of an organised hunt, the followers deliberately engage in a series of barbaric acts, skilfully camouflaged by all the trappings of an elaborate ritual. For such people the laceration of an otter's living flesh is an amusing thing. The League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sport, Annual Report (London, 1926). 71. President Stephen Coleridge, his successor Lady Cory and several other members did the same. Ormond, Richard, Sir Edwin Landseer (London, 1981), pp. Men, women and children could all actively participate together in this sport. To stress his dissatisfaction, he targets two features specific to the sport, the prolonged duration of the pursuit and spring and summer hunting: To make it pleasant for otters as well as man, otters are hunted not only for a long time, for seven or eight or ten or eleven hours at a stretch, but in spring. In the latter, the fox has some chance of escape but in the former the otter's chances of escape are clearly much less. Nearly 280 river otters were captured in the Adirondacks and Catskills and relocated to 15 sites in central and western New York during a three-year period in the 1990s. Yet although Johnston was not directly involved, his argument brought into prominence the campaign for the otter. It appears to be more about human behaviour than animal suffering. 22. 6 . At this time the main justification for killing otters was the damage they did to fish stocks. 03 March 2016. 66. On occasions deer-hunters hunted and killed hinds-in-calf. 3. They might be horrified if you suggested that they wished the otter any harm. shot but they felt that many otters were preserved for hunting, a shameful blot on our civilisation. In this case, which was brought by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, the Master of the Cheriton Otter Hounds, Mr Walter Lorraine Bell, and three of its members were found guilty of charges relating to cruelty to cats. And as a relatively inexpensive sport, such social changes meant otter hunting had become a less appealing target for them. . The League established a special department to deal with Sports in 1895. He agrees that the otter lives on fish, but so also do herons and wild duck and pike and kingfishers and cats and men and women. Posted on September 22, 2019. 12. 49. Some of the recurring questions included: Have we reached such a pitch of humaneness in our treatment of wild animals that no further legislation is desired? and What made it more desirable for individuals, rather than Societies, to promote such legislation? These questions got no response from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and the putative otter hunting bill became for many just another means to criticise its inadequacy and hypocrisy. CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Hunting Otters with firearms was once common in the early twentieth century, but many preferred to trap them. the quarry itself is quite a secondary consideration.Footnote As the otter hunters arrived at the meet, the first thing they saw was a line of demonstrators with banners bearing the words Abolish the Shameful Sport of Otter-hunting and Stand up for the Helpless. As with the Barnstaple cat-worrying case of 1905, attention was redirected from the actual killing to the animal in question. The first issue in 1939, for instance, sold 1,350,000 copies. Although celebrated by reviewers in the Illustrated London News and Athenaeum, the subsequent engraving failed to sell well and John Ruskin argued in 1846 that Landseer before he gives us any more writhing otters, or yelping packs should consider whether such a scene was worthy of contemplation.Footnote Alongside the overall decrease of otter hunts and otter hunters was the dramatic reduction of advertised meets and reports in the national and regional press. Offering close proximity and participatory practices of seeing (gazing) and doing (the stickle), any member of an otter hunt could participate in infamous scenes. 16, Otter hunting was compared unfavourable to other types of hunting. 79. The public profile of otter hunting was raised by the publication in 1927 of Henry Williamson's Tarka the Otter: His Joyful Water-life and Death in the Country of the Two Rivers. 20. 74 This official regulatory association was set up to standardise conduct in the field, eliminate internal squabbles over hunting countries and promote the otterhound breed. WebFrom 1941 till 1957, an interim agreement between the U.S. and Canada regulated the harvesting of sea otters. Unlike the working men who may have regretted the spontaneous event, sportsmen not only celebrated their own form of killing; they had created organisations that expected it to occur on a regular basis. When, however, other members of the Hunt were moved to action by the scandal,Footnote This desire had different implications for different sorts of people. During the period 1969-72, 89 sea otters were translo-cated to British Columbia; 59 otters were released in Washington in 1969-70. women too seem frenzied with the desire to kill.Footnote Reverend H. C. G. Matthew, Coleridge, Stephen William Buchanan (18541936), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004). 56. . In 1929, there was a picture of a middle-aged woman and a teenage girl being blooded by the Joint Masters of the Wye Valley Otter Hounds in front of a crowd of smiling spectators. Covering two pages (812), it was retitled Sport and the Otter.. At least 23 million Amazonian animals, including the otters, were hunted for their hides from 1904 to 1969. About Otter-Hunting, Cruel Sports, July 1928, 85. This is likely to be a ban by local landowners. 29. Correspondence. 4 75 35 Ruskin's critique of the painting did little to diminish the popularity of Landseer's art in the nineteenth century and hunts, hunters and otter hunting increased substantially in popularity, reaching a peak in the Edwardian period.Footnote In women and children it induced behaviour that was not in keeping with certain ideas about gender and youth. View all Google Scholar citations The scientist built a tube that was divided by an. 47 It also shows just how much the mere thought of otter hunting could unsettle an individual. Large hunting efforts were under way with the help of a massive ship in the water.
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as otters were removed during the hunting years