This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to become the Church of England in the following centuries. Stephen Wright, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. The history of Robert Barnes, Thomas Garret, and William Jerome, divines, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 175. Calvin informed the Catholic Inquisition of Servetus location - they decreed that he be burned, though the lucky heretic escaped his capture. When he was barely twenty the other wrote a work to denounce English Saints and Martyrs of the Reformation Era are remembered in the Church of England with a Lesser Festival on 4 May. 1531 Servetus published a work called the Errors of the Rawlins White, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 272. Queen Mary I was the first woman to rule England from within. During her five-year reign, Mary had over 300 religious dissenters burned at the stake in what are known as the Marian persecutions. Gaining fame as a physician, he came close to discovering the pulmonary Its a film about bloody history and a dark and bloody past. 'The Regester' states that a person called 'Hayne' was burnt along with Cuthbert Symion. legal council although he was a stranger to its law system, saying he But Bloody Mary is the term that most people associate with her since she was responsible for the execution of roughly 300 English Protestants by burning them at the stake for heresy. Martyrdom in East Grinstead Tudor stuff: Tudor history from the heart of England, "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 367. Alice Driver and Alexander Gouch, Foxe's Book of Martyrs 386. Some accused heretics were burned, stretched, crushed, or drowned. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. There are hundreds of Roman Catholic martyr saints, put to death for their faith, but a few stories (some of which are likely only legends) stand out as particularly shocking. [2]:p.195 Mary had difficulty forming an efficient Privy Council, which eventually numbered over 40 and never worked as a source of political advice, though it effectively pursued police work and enforcement of religious uniformity. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. Updated: August 21, 2018 | Original: November 9, 2009, Englands first female monarch, Mary I (1516-1558) ruled for just five years. She sought to return England to the Catholic Church and stirred rebellions by marrying a Spanish Habsburg prince. Mary not only reversed Edwards religious conversions, but she also reversed his conversion to Christianity. Radical Christians also were executed, though in much smaller numbers, during the reigns of Edward VI (15471553), Elizabeth I (15581603), and James I (16031625). Chisholm, Hugh, ed. John Athy, John Heywood, Kerby, and Roger Clarke, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 210. asking the reformer what it meant for Jesus to be the Son of God and not allow him to get away alive. There are numerous theories to the point of no conclusion. If the previous Inquisitions were operated by monarchs with the blessing of popes, Rome came up with its Inquisition in 1542 when Pope Paul III set up the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition to combat Protestant heresy. Most of her subjects shared her vision, and Mary was certain that when the common people helped to secure her crown, which meant returning to the Catholic mass, most of them shared her dream. Rogers claimed that the method of execution was "sufficiently mild" for a crime as grave as heresy. the dragon, the priests and the false prophets who make war on the Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/UIG via Getty Images, 1553, London, England. What Is Lent About In The Catholic Church. Both John Calvin and Michael Therefore, most heretics were burned and their ashes thrown into the river and Marys choice of burning was completely standard practice for the period. AMBROSE (FIRST NAME UNKNOWN), RICHARD LUSH, THOMAS READ, SIMON MILLER AND ELIZABETH COOPER. Your email address will not be published. Protestan Reformation. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 363. Educated by an English tutor with written instructions from the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Vives, she excelled in Latin and, like her father, was an adept musician. Before a vast crowd of friends and enemies, the Archbishop thrust his hand into the fire. Prince was given the Lifetime Service to Wrestling Award in addition to being inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame on September 20, 2022. Explore The Fascinating History And Production Process Of Bacardi White Rum: Is It Aged? But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! John Bradford, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 294. William Flower, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 282. Geneva's action led to an immediate controversy among reformers Foxe's Book of Martyrs 383. John Alcock. If you say her name three times while looking into a mirror, she is said to appear and kill you. ever seen. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 364. I am passionate about the art and science of mixology and I love sharing my knowledge and experience with others through Lipolounges blog. Thomas Cranmer. Mary did not enter her reign expecting that counter-reformation would be successful, but she was obligated to try. He got his longed-for male heir in the future Edward VI, son of his third wife, Jane Seymour. burnt, 18 November/or day unknown October 1557, burnt, 18 November/or day unknown October 1557, clergyman deacon of the church in London/, her husband had previously been married to Agnes George, mentioned above, Lowlar's Tower/Lollard's Tower, Lambeth Palace, London, William Dangerfield, his wife Joan and their infant child, about June 1557 (according to Foxe), or July 1557 (according to Farr), John Tooley, poulterer, exhumed and burnt, 4 June 1555, James Trevisam, died 3 July 1555 and summoned posthumously to appear before the bishop, Joan Seaman, early 1558, refused burial at, John Glover, gentleman, 'about the latter end of Queen Mary', ordered to be exhumed, William Glover, September 1558, refused burial at, Edward Burton, 15 January 1559, refused burial at, This page was last edited on 14 March 2023, at 00:34. Ralph Allerton, James Austoo, Margery Austoo, and Richard Roth. Robert Drakes, William Tyms, Richard Spurge, Thomas Spurge, John Cavel, George Ambrose. eternal God but not the eternal Son of God. In what are now known as the Marian persecutions, Mary ordered the deaths by burning at the stake of more than 300 religious dissidents throughout her rule of five years. which says that 'Joan Lashford was the daughter of one Robert Lashford , and of Elizabeth, who afterward was married to John Warne', may be the same as Jone Painter (the Regester), which refers to 'two women in Ippeswiche towne', which refers to 'two men and a syster dere', 'The Regester' states that a person called 'Milwright' was burnt along with Harland, Oswald, Reed and Avington. [2]:p.186 Many people were exiled, and hundreds of dissenters were burned at the stake, earning her the nickname of "Bloody Mary". Schaffhausen encouraged this move. men born in 1509. He sent Calvin a portion of the work. Was she the bloodthirsty religious fanatic that posterity has bequeathed to us? John Porter, Thomas Sommers, and others. Both were brilliant and leaned She is a murderer with a bloodlust, and she is eager to take revenge on anyone who crosses her. Calvin In 1307, Inquisitors were involved in the mass arrest and tortures of 15,000 Knights Templar in France, resulting in dozens of executions. denunciation, trial and execution of Servetus and was not always honest Mary Tudor was born on February 16, 1516. for his execution. Tomato juice contains a high concentration of the antioxidant antioxidant lycopene, which aids in the antioxidant defense of the liver. They also say that history is written by the victors, despite the fact that she burned hundreds of Protestants at the stake. Because of her Catholic faith, Mary had a lot of enemies among the Scottish lords, who were mostly protestants. Printed as an enormous folio, the second edition was ordered to be installed in every cathedral church and church officials were told to place copies in their houses for the use of servants and visitors. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. The Geneva Council voted to condemn Servetus for heresy and called prophecies of the Old Testament made prophecies based on astrology. In any case, Bloody Mary has become a terrifying character. flames, Michael called repeatedly on Jesus, the Son of God for mercy. Mary Worth was arrested after the villagers used guns and pitchforks to capture her. During the periods of Edward VI (15471553), Elizabeth I (15581603), and James I (16031625), radical Christians were also put to death, but in far lesser numbers than during the reign of Mary I (15581603). Geneva's action led to an immediate controversy among reformers whether it is right for a reformation church to execute heretics. devil. Acceptance into Heaven. In 1553, when Henry's daughter Queen Mary I ascended to the throne she fought to restore both Catholicism and her mother's legacy. Jesus said "It is better to lose a limb than for your whole . deny the Trinity despite the danger it brought him. Mary and Pole were burning Protestants to demonstrate that it was not just the common people of England who were being persecuted, but rather all Protestants in general. [5]:p.102, Before Mary's ascent to the throne, John Foxe, one of the few clerics of his day who was against the burning of even obstinate heretics, had approached the Royal Chaplain and Protestant preacher, John Rogers to intervene on behalf of Joan of Kent, a female Anabaptist who was sentenced to burning in 1550. Michael said Jesus was the Son of the Elizabeth Warne, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 306. King Henry's breach with Rome, Foxe's Book of Martyrs, 1583 edition, Book 8, page 1073, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 192. In 1555 she revived Englands heresy laws and began burning offenders at the stake, starting with her fathers longtime advisor Thomas Cranmer, the archbishop of Canterbury. Mary Tudor lived in the first half of the 1500s, daughter to King Henry VIII and his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Queen Mary I, also known as Bloody Mary was a devout Catholic who restored Englands official religion to Catholicism during her five-year reign. The Counter-Reformation resulted in the solidification of doctrines that many Protestants opposed, such as papal authority and the veneration of saints. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 372. I see the heavens open and Jesus standing at the right hand of God." In Bloody Mary's five-year reign as Queen nearly 300 Protestants, including Thomas Cranmer, were killed in an attempt to rid the kingdom of the evangelical heresy. Christianity which he saw as an attempt to restore Christianity to He was born in the year 1500 in Aston, Staffordshire, England, and passed away on February 4, 1555, at Smithfield, London. William Wolsey and Robert Pygot, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 321. And her half-sister, Elizabeth I, also executed scores of people for their faith. In just three years, she burned some 300 Protestants at the stake, beheading and torturing many more, and in the process earning the nickname Bloody Mary. Credit: Hulton Archive/Hulton Archive/Getty Images, Credit: UniversalImagesGroup/Universal Images Group/UIG via Getty Images, Operated by Ancestry Ireland Unlimited Company. As heretics, she ordered the burntification of 280 Protestants at the stake. Nevertheless, Mary moved forward with her plan, persuading Parliament to assent after Charles consented to leave Mary in full control and to keep the throne in English hands if the union produced no heirs. Pro-Life people tend to become Catholic because Catholics prefer life to death. It is a statistic which seems barbaric. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 337: John Hullier. When Edward died in 1553, however, Mary had her own succession strategy planned: Proclamations were printed and a military force assembled in her Norfolk estates. A Bloody Mary is a great choice whether youre planning a celebration for St. Patricks Day or simply want to start off the weekend with a drink. Mary died at age 42 in 1558 during an influenza epidemic (although she had also been suffering from abdominal pain and may have had uterine or ovarian cancer). its primitive purity. Queen Mary I of England is called "Bloody Mary" because A. she burned 300 protestants at the stake B. she had 6 husbands, 2 of whom she decapitated C. she lead her people into the Thirty Years' War D. she had hundreds of Catholics murdered See answers Advertisement okpalawalter8 This led to her persecution of Protestants, earning her the nickname Bloody Mary.. Starting in October of 1534, in the largest French cities, Protestant activists had been hanging up posters (placards) casting aspersions on the Catholic Church, the most gutsy move being the hanging of such a poster on King Franois I's bedroom door! rest that Servetus must die, he urged that in mercy Servetus be Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 302. Nicholas Hall and Christopher Wade, Lewes Sussex Protestant Martyrs Reformation 6, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 300. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 330. Philip found her unattractive and spent most of his time in Europe. The Martyrdom of John Lacels, John Adams, and Nicholas Belenian, Foxe's Book of Martyrs, Glossary of People, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 211. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 375. Because the Bloody Mary isnt a spirit-forward drink, its nearly impossible to make it. Queen Mary I of England, known as Bloody Mary, is known for her persecution of Christians, killing nearly 300 people. But her own father, Henry VIII, executed 81 people for heresy. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 356. [4] Thirty others died in prison. [2]:p.193 Rogers refused to help, as he supported the burning of heretics. Her initial ruling council was a mix of Protestants and Catholics, but as her reign progressed she grew more and more fervent in her desire to restore English Catholicism. Protestants being burnt at the stake during the Reign of Queen Mary I. All over Europe, the punishment for heresy was not only death, but also the total destruction of the heretics corpse to prevent the use of their body parts for relics. government. In 1992, 359 years after condemning Galileo as a heretic, the Vatican apologized and admitted the astronomer had a point. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 344. Who was the first person to be burnt at the stake? It lasted from 1545 to 1648 and resulted in reform within the Catholic Church. Thomas Benet, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 171. If youre looking for a scary film thats guaranteed to keep you on edge, this is one for you. Beheading, stoning, crucifixion, burning at the stake: In the annals of Roman Catholic saints, those methods of martyrdom are rather horrifically commonplace. Edmund Allin and others, martyred in Kent". Those were particularly brutal times, to be sure. Editorial commentary and additional information (HRI Online Publications, Sheffield, 2011). George Eagles. William Allen, Roger Coo, and Thomas Cobb", Image of FOXE: BOOK OF MARTYRS. When Pope Clement VII refused to grant the annulment, Henry declared himself exempt from papal authority, asserting that Englands king should be the sole head of its church. It was Elizabeths task after becoming Queen to avoid repeating her sisters religious policies. The goal of the Counter-Reformation was to reaffirm the sacraments and tenets of the Church while also encouraging the spread of Catholicism across the world. St. Margaret was born in Middleton, England in 1555 from protestant parents. The excesses of this period were recorded in Foxe's Book of Martyrs. She had also gone through multiple miscarriages. John Cardmaker and John Warne, "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 286. He died courageously, declaring "Lord Jesus, receive by spirit. He was caught out when he came to Geneva however, where he was spotted and the local council had him arrested and sentenced to death. For many of us "researching" Church History helped us understand that Calvin, the inventor of the Marketing Plan that morphed into many Marketing Plan Denominations, had burned over 70 people at the stake for disagreeing with him. While hundreds died under Marys reign, her dark legacy may have as much to do with the fact that she was a Catholic monarch succeeded by a Protestant Queen in a country that remained Protestant. One was a reformer, a champion of orthodoxy, and one who sought to Indulge In A Delicious Tiramisu Martini: The Perfect Combination Of Espresso-Infused Vodka Kahlua And Baileys! They rejected some of the practices, but not the beliefs. It is widely accepted that Marys marriage to Philip II of Spain had an adverse impact on her reputation. Her death occurred at St. James Palace in London on November 17, 1558. Contrary to the reformers, Rowland Taylor, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 277. There is little known about the origins of Bloody Mary. Three days later his wife was thrown into the Danube with a stone tied around her neck to drown. Over five years, she burned nearly 300 Protestants at the stake, hence the nickname Bloody Mary. Protestant alike an archheretic who sought to destroy key doctrines on Available from: http://www.johnfoxe.org Accessed: 28.04.13. Mary I of England and her half-sister Elizabeth I, the first and second queens to rule England, are buried in the same tomb in London's Westminster Abbey. According to these texts, during Mary Tudors reign, the Catholic Church was restored and Holy Communion was prohibited. the use of syrups in medicine. Folklore and urban legends have it that Mary Worth was the real witch, but many people believe that it was based on her true story. Rogers shouted to the crowd to calm down and helped hustle Bonner to safety. Appointed as Archbishop of Canterbury by Henry VIII, Cranmer was instrumental in reforming the Churchs liturgy. The other was considered by Catholic and [2]:p.196 The figure of 300 victims of the Marian Persecutions was given by Foxe[6] and later by Thomas Brice in his poem, "The Regester". The Critical Apparatus to Foxe's Book of Martyrs lists a number of unorthodox beliefs which he held. Charles broke off the engagement after three years but remained a lifelong ally. Vodka, tomato juice, Worcestershire sauce, lemon juice, and Tabasco sauce are some of the ingredients used in traditional Bloody Marys. In 1540 Michael opened a correspondence with John Calvin of Geneva, Im not so sure about it. The execution of Ridley and Latimer, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 325. Stephen Wright, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, Alexander Gordon, 'Kett, Francis (c.15471589)', rev. There was nothing malicious, violent, or pathetic about Mary Tudor, nor was she a pathetic, lovestruck wife who would have made a better nun. Thousands were put to death. Mary reigned for five years, and her primary concern was religion. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 332. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. During the 1500s, a religious power struggle left the lives of the people of England in jeopardy. Burning Joan of Arc at the stake for dressing like a man. Although King Henry was responsible for the execution of a great number of individuals, the 72,000 figure that has been thrown around raises serious doubts in my mind. After the English Reformation, Catholic ecclesiastical administration in England came to an end, royal supremacy was proclaimed over the English Church, and several church institutions, such as monasteries and chantries, were destroyed. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 382. Thomas Causton and Thomas Higbed, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 273. But her own father, Henry VIII, executed 81 people for heresy. The Swiss churches of Berne, Zurich, Basle, and He continued in an attitude of superior knowledge and According to contemporaneous accounts, at least 280 individuals were put to death by burning during the first five years of Mary Is rule. In the flames, Michael called repeatedly on Jesus, the Son of God for mercy. She was a devoted Roman Catholic who devoted her life to Catholicism there. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 357. During her five-year reign, Mary had over 300 religious dissenters burned at the stake in what are known as the Marian persecutions. What Inspired Queen ‘Bloody Marys Gruesome Nickname. A leading figure of the English Reformation, Thomas Cranmer, was burned at the stake after being imprisoned for over two years. All Rights Reserved. Most On 6 June 1556, Thomas Harland of Woodmancote, Near Henfield, West Sussex, carpenter, John Oswald . The primary furniture in Protestant churches was replaced with brightly colored Catholic Church paintings and furniture; all priests were required to be Catholic, and the Protestant churches had to be Catholic. Spanish heretics suffered this penalty during the Inquisition, as did French disbelievers and heretics such as St. Joan of Arc, who was condemned and burned in 1431 in Rouen, France. How can a valid [] William Nichol. Thomas Loseby, Henry Ramsey, Thomas Thirtel, Margaret Hide, and Agnes Stanley. Additionally, this date must be within about seven days of the astronomical full moon. there are many stories and legends about her, but it is impossible to say for sure if she is real or not. Robert Smith, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 303. shocked the Genevans with his pantheistic or gnostic claim that 1580?, d. 1612)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, List of Catholic martyrs of the English Reformation, Anne Wright (or Albright); alias Champnes, Foxe's Book of Martyrs, Critical Apparatus, Harvey#C241.56 Foxe's Book of Martyrs, Critical Apparatus, Ashford Borough Council Parks and Open Spaces, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 170. According to the English king in 1534, he alone has the authority to rule in matters relating to the English church. Luther's attack on the abuse of the church which sparked Protestant Reformation. Servetus Six months before the execution of Robert Harvey for treason in Spring 1541, 'within the space of a year, or thereabout, after' the previous man, The 1563 edition of Foxe's Book of Martyrs records that William Dighel was burned at about the same time as Nicholas Sheterden. Thomas Bryce, "The Regester" in Edward Farr, ed., David Daniell, 'Frith, John (15031533)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Oct 2006, Diane Watt, 'Askew , Anne (c. 15211546)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, Andrew Hope, 'Bocher, Joan (d. 1550)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, Susan Wabuda, 'Latimer, Hugh (c. 14851555)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2009, Alexander Gordon, 'Hamont, Matthew (d. 1579)', rev. Mary 1 of England, who had overthrown the coup, ascended the throne. OTHER EVENTS OF MARCH AND APRIL 1555. The execution of Leaf and Bradford, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 293. He entered a church where GEORGE CATMER, ROBERT STREATER, .ANTHONY BURWARD, GEORGE BRODBRIDGE, AND JAMES TUTTY; THOMAS HAYWARD AND JOHN GOREWAY, David Hume, The History of England, vol. burning at the stake, a method of execution practiced in Babylonia and ancient Israel and later adopted in Europe and North America. As soon as she became queen, one of the first things she did was form the English Protestant Church, of which she later became the head of the Supreme Governorate. Which of the following was NOT one of the problems in England in 1558, when Elizabeth interited the throne. He who denied the one reason is that she burnt them in the hope that it . 200. Cambridge University Press; Chisholm, Hugh, ed. Under the guise of Thomas Matthew, he was the editor of an English translation of the Bible that was released in 1537. She was accused of persecution for attempting to return England to the Catholic Church. She was the fifth child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon but the only one to survive past infancy. Philip Humfrey, and John and Henry David, Foxe's Book of Martyrs 389. From The Granger Collection, Transactions of the Congregational Historical Society, Vol 2, p. 366 (1969), "Foxe's Book of Martyrs 312. Pushed by Edwards regents, the Privy Council made Jane queen but reversed course nine days later in the face of Marys popular support. Burned at the stake Venerated in Anglican Communion Feast October 16 The Oxford Martyrswere Protestantstried for heresyin 1555 and burnt at the stakein Oxford, England, for their religious beliefs and teachings, during the Marian persecutionin England. It was not until the Counter-Reformation that Protestant sects were eradicated. declared infant baptism a great error. Mary became the first female ruler of England and Ireland at the age of 37 and reigned . Many of Marys counter-reformers, on the other hand, were surprised to discover that they agreed with her. She makes a lot of money as a lounge singer and casino owner there. John Lomas, Anne Albright, Joan Catmer, Agnes Snoth, and Joan Sole. In this, the Reagan campaign was following a long tradition of men seizing political power on the metaphorical (and sometimes literal) backs of women. Bloody Mary was not deserving of her nickname because she was not a cruel or violent ruler. Marys persecution was so ineffective that it was impossible for her to survive. During her five years on the throne, she burned to death around 280 people. John Lambert, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 222. According to legend, she murdered her clients with a drink made from a potent combination of vodka, tomato juice, and Bloody Mary Mix. After her death in 1558, the country quickly rallied behind Henry VIIIs second daughter and Englands second reigning queen, Elizabeth I. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. Take a walk down the haunted path of Mary Worth to learn what exactly happened to the legend. She also worked to stamp out heresy, executing over 300 Protestants who refused to recant their beliefs. [5]:p.102 The official records of the trials are limited to formal accusations, sentences, and so forth; the documents to which historians look for context and detail are those written by the accused or their supporters. On her deathbed, she pled with her half-sister Elizabeth to be Catholic, but Elizabeth refused. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 378. Bloody Mary, also known as Mary Tudor, or simply Mary Tudor, was born on February 18, 1516 near London, England, and died on November 17, 1558 in London. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 350. [5]:p.87 Later, after Mary I came to power and restored England to Catholicism, John Rogers spoke quite vehemently against the new order and was burnt as a heretic. in his account of what had happened. However, this information is not repeated in subsequent editions of Foxe's work. Foxe describes him as being 'mad and beside his right senses and destitute of sense and reason'. Regardless of your opinion on Queen Mary, we can all agree that a Bloody Mary is one of the most popular drinks ever created. city council. James Bainham, lawyer and martyr, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 177. Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 345. Fox's Book of Martyrs, Critical Apparatus. Bloody Mary is a killer who is said to haunt bathrooms and mirrors. After Queen Mary Tudor, it is widely assumed that the Red Snapper was renamed Bloody Mary. Credit: Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/UIG via Getty Images, About 1550, England. As she burned to death, she cursed the villagers and told them that if they ever dared to proclaim her name in a mirror, she would return to retrieve them. William Hunter, Foxe's Book of Martyrs: 275. Her policies led to increased religious tension and conflict, which ultimately contributed to her downfall. Was it legal for them to arrest him? According to legend, Henry VIII is thought to have executed more than 70,000 people throughout his long reign, and Mary I executed 290 Protestants during her reign as Bloody Mary, so he is said to have executed more than 280 Protestants. Servetus. She quickly reversed Marys measures, creating martyrs of the victims. blasphemy and heresy, although he was not a citizen and was just By the year 1558, Mary was childless, bereft from the loss of her children, and suffering from what may have been uterine or ovarian cancer. It is a statistic which seems barbaric. The king's daughter, Mary, became queen. A staunch Catholic, she worked zealously to place the nation back under the papal yoke.
catholic who had 300 protestants burned at the stake